Single dose of intra-muscular platelet rich plasma reverses the increase in plasma iron levels in exercise-induced muscle damage: A pilot study

Abstract

BackgroundPlatelet rich plasma (PRP) therapy is widely used in enhancing the recovery of skeletal muscle from injury. However, the impact of intramuscular delivery of PRP on hematologic and biochemical responses has not been fully elucidated in exercise-induced muscle damage. The purpose of this investigation the effects of intramuscular delivery of PRP on hematologic and biochemical responses and recovery strategy muscle damage induced by high intensity muscle exercise (exercise-induced muscle damage, EIMD).MethodsModerately active male volunteers participated in this study and were assigned to a control group (control, n = 6) and PRP administration group (PRP, n = 6). The subjects performed exercise with a load of 80% one repetition maximum (1RM) maximal voluntary contraction of the elbow flexors until point of exhaustion of the non-dominant arm was reached. The arms were treated with saline or autologous PRP post-24 h EIMD. Venous blood samples were obtained in the morning to establish a baseline value and 1–4 days post-exercise and were analyzed for serum ferritin, iron, iron binding capacity (IBC), creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT).ResultsThe baseline levels of plasma iron, ferritin, IBC, CK, LDH, AST, and ALT were similar in both the control and PRP groups. However, 24-h following exercise a significant increase in these parameters was observed in both groups between 1 and 4 days during the recovery period. Interestingly, PRP administration decreased plasma iron levels compared to the control on the second day post-exercise. Plasma IBC increased in PRP group from Days 2 to 4 post-exercise compared to the control group whilst PRP administration had no effect on plasma ferritin, CK, AST, ALT, or LDH.ConclusionAcute exhaustive exercise increased muscle damage markers, including plasma iron, IBC, and ferritin levels, indicating muscle damage induced by exercise. PRP administration improves inflammation by reversing the increase in the iron levels post-exercise without displaying any myotoxicity and may have a role to play in the recovery of exercise-induced muscle damage.

Autologous platelet rich plasma for regeneration of tendon injuries in horses

“…In similar studies done by Young et al, (1998) and Awad et al, (2000) who had seeded stem cells in collagen hydrogel for treatment of tendinitis found that the cells reoriented and expanded significantly with time. Bashandy et al, (2014) and Punduk et al, (2014) noticed a significant elevated activity of serum Alkaline Phosphatase and Creatinine kinase in most of the common musculoskeletal affections and post exercise in horses. An apparent decrease in serum Creatinine kinase level in Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma and collagen hydrogel group was noticed due to the sustained action of Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma in the collagen scaffold environment (Harrison et al, 2011 andPunduk et al, 2014).…”

“…Bashandy et al, (2014) and Punduk et al, (2014) noticed a significant elevated activity of serum Alkaline Phosphatase and Creatinine kinase in most of the common musculoskeletal affections and post exercise in horses. An apparent decrease in serum Creatinine kinase level in Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma and collagen hydrogel group was noticed due to the sustained action of Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma in the collagen scaffold environment (Harrison et al, 2011 andPunduk et al, 2014). MMP13 levels were assessed to evaluate the extent of extracellular matrix damage (Clegg et al, 2007 andRiley et al, 2002).…”

Effects of antioxidant supplementation on oxidative stress balance in young footballers: a randomized controlled trial

“…Similar changes in iron levels were observed by Punduk et al in volunteers who received intensive platelet-rich plasma therapy during intense exercise. This therapy aimed to improve muscle regeneration, which was damaged by the use of high-intensity exercises (exercise-induced muscle damage, EIMD) [26]. It can be assumed that the ability to chelate iron ions, through the active compounds contained in chokeberry, can also counteract damage to muscle bres.…”

Platelet Concentrates in Musculoskeletal Medicine

“…Some studies described positive results after injection of PRP in patients with injured skeletal muscles, and no negative side effects were reported [311,312] (Table 9). Contrasting results were obtained when PRP was compared to saline [313][314][315].…”