Single Flux Quantum Integrated Circuit Design

Krylov, Gleb; Friedman, Eby G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76885-0

Cited by 40 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Single flux quantum logic is an emerging cryogenic technology for highly energy efficient computing [27]. SFQ circuits are based on JJs and superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), and operate with magnetic flux quanta.…”

Section: Single Flux Quanta Circuitrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing stochasticity for superconductive multi-layer spike-rate-coded neuromorphic networks

Edwards,

Krylov,

Friedman

et al. 2024

Neuromorph. Comput. Eng.

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Conventional semiconductor-based integrated circuits are gradually approaching fundamental scaling limits. Many prospective solutions have recently emerged to supplement or replace both the technology on which basic devices are built and the architecture of data processing.Neuromorphic circuits are a promising approach to computing where techniques used by the brain to achieve high efficiency are exploited. Many existing neuromorphic circuits rely on unconventional and useful properties of novel technologies to better mimic the operation of the brain.One such technology is single flux quantum (SFQ) logic -- a cryogenic superconductive technology in which the data are represented by quanta of magnetic flux (fluxons) produced and processed by Josephson junctions embedded within inductive loops.The movement of a fluxon within a circuit produces a quantized voltage pulse (SFQ pulse), resembling a neuronal spiking event. These circuits routinely operate at clock frequencies of tens to hundreds of gigahertz, making SFQ a natural technology for processing high frequency pulse trains.This work harnesses thermal stochasticity in superconducting synapses to emulate stochasticity in biological synapses in which the synapse probabilistically propagates or blocks incoming spikes. The authors also present neuronal, fan-in, and fan-out circuitry inspired by the literature that seamlessly cascade with the synapses for deep neural network construction. Synapse weights and neuron biases are set with bias current, and the authors propose multiple mechanisms for training the network and storing weights. The network primitives are successfully demonstrated in simulation in the context of a rate-coded multi-layer XOR neural network which achieves a wide classification margin. The proposed methodology is based solely on existing SFQ technology and does not employ unconventional superconductive devices or semiconductor transistors, making this proposed system an effective approach for scalable cryogenic neuromorphic computing.

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Section: Single Flux Quanta Circuitrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing stochasticity for superconductive multi-layer spike-rate-coded neuromorphic networks

Edwards,

Krylov,

Friedman

et al. 2024

Neuromorph. Comput. Eng.

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“…Moreover, superconducting digital computing promises energy-efficient computation even after accounting for cooling, due to the low JJ energy consumption which is several orders of magnitude lower than CMOS [1]. Cooling is already present in cryo-cooled systems such as quantum computers [24] and outer space electronics [30]. However, there is currently an approximate 1000× area density gap compared to CMOS [1], [6].…”

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PaST-NoC: A Packet-Switched Superconducting Temporal NoC

Lyles

Gonzalez-Guerrero

Bautista

2023

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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Temporal computing promises to mitigate the stringent area constraints and clock distribution overheads of traditional superconducting digital computing. To design a scalable, area-and power-efficient superconducting network on chip (NoC), we propose packet-switched superconducting temporal NoC (PaST-NoC). PaST-NoC operates its control path in the temporal domain using race logic (RL), combined with bufferless deflection flow control to minimize area. Packets encode their destination using RL and carry a collection of data pulses that the receiver can interpret as pulse trains, RL, serialized binary, or other formats. We demonstrate how to scale up PaST-NoC to arbitrary topologies based on 2×2 routers and 4×4 butterflies as building blocks. As we show, if data pulses are interpreted using RL, PaST-NoC outperforms state-of-the-art superconducting binary NoCs in throughput per area by as much as 5× for long packets.

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“…Several research activities have addressed physical design of SCE circuits, such as synchronization [250], placement and routing [250], [251], [252], cell libraries [252], and parasitics extraction and mitigation [253]. Krylov and Friedman [254] have recently authored a comprehensive book on various aspect of SCE design with a wide set of references to current works.…”

Section: B Superconducting Electronics In Classical Pipelined Computingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Quantum Computation and Quantum Technologies: A Design Automation Perspective

Micheli

Jiang

Rand

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Circuits Syst.

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Universal and fault-tolerant quantum computation is a promising new paradigm that may efficiently conquer difficult computation tasks beyond the reach of classical computation. It motivates the development of various quantum technologies. The rapid progress of quantum technologies accelerates the realization of quantum computers. In this paper, we survey the recent advances in quantum technologies and quantum computation from the design automation perspective.

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Single Flux Quantum Integrated Circuit Design

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Harnessing stochasticity for superconductive multi-layer spike-rate-coded neuromorphic networks

Harnessing stochasticity for superconductive multi-layer spike-rate-coded neuromorphic networks

PaST-NoC: A Packet-Switched Superconducting Temporal NoC

Advances in Quantum Computation and Quantum Technologies: A Design Automation Perspective

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