Single-metabolite Bio-Nano-Sensors and system for remote monitoring in animal models

Abstract

A novel system for remote monitoring of metabolism in animal model is proposed in this paper. The system is obtained by integrating Bio-Nano-Sensors to detect singlemetabolites, an electrochemical front-end made with offthe-shelf components, an RF communication sub-system, and an antenna of new design. The system has been calibrated and tested for continuous monitoring of four different metabolites: glucose, lactate, glutamate, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Tests with animal models (mice) have been conducted to investigate tissue inflammation induced by the implanted Bio-NanoSensors. The tests confirmed that our system is suitable and reliable for remote monitoring of single-metabolites in experiments with animal models.

Fully Integrated Biochip Platforms for Advanced Healthcare

“…Fully integrated biochip platforms can build on existing technologies. Continuous monitoring is already in the market with commercially available devices for glucose [ 3 ] and lactate [ 4 ] while experimental prototypes have been already proposed for other endogenous metabolites, like glutamate [ 5 ] and ATP [ 6 ], as well as for exogenous metabolites (typically therapeutic compounds), like cyclophosphamide and naproxen [ 7 ]. The technology for continuous monitoring of glucose is robust enough to provide sensors with life-time up to 8 months when implanted in mice [ 8 ] and one year in pigs [ 9 ].…”

Electrochemical nanosensors: advances and applications

“…The decoration of macro or microelectrodes with nanomaterials is a common strategy for improving sensor performance with carbon nanotubes, 46 nanorods, 47 and gold nanoparticles 48 all finding applications for glucose sensing. The incorporation of these nanomaterials increases the roughness and surface area of larger electrodes, while they may also exhibit favorable electrocatalytic properties toward electroactive compounds.…”

Developing highly-integrated subcutaneous biochips for remote monitoring of human metabolism

“…The reliability of this technology for glucose remote monitoring has been validated up to 8 month in mice [3] and up to one year in pigs [4]. The next step will be the extension of the technology to other relevant metabolites like, for example, glutamate [5], ATP [6], and relevant drugs compounds [7]. Carbon Nanotubes have been demonstrated to enhance the sensitivity for both exogenous [7] and endogenous [8] metabolites toward physiological concentration in human blood.…”