Single-mode, low loss hollow-core anti-resonant fiber designs

Abstract

In this paper, we numerically investigate various hollow-core anti-resonant (HC-AR) fibers towards low propagation and bend loss with effectively single-mode operation in the telecommunications window. We demonstrate how the propagation loss and higher-order mode modal contents are strongly influenced by the geometrical structure and the number of the anti-resonant cladding tubes. We found that 5-tube nested HC-AR fiber has a wider antiresonant band, lower loss, and larger higher-order mode extinction ratio than designs with 6 or more anti-resonant tubes. A loss ratio between the higher-order modes and fundamental mode, as high as 12,000, is obtained in a 5-tube nested HC-AR fiber. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest higher-order mode extinction ratio demonstrated in a hollowcore fiber at 1.55 μm. In addition, we propose a modified 5-tube nested HC-AR fiber, with propagation loss below 1 dB/km from 1330 to 1660 nm. This fiber also has a small bend loss of ~15 dB/km for a bend radius of 1 cm.

Exploring Low Loss and Single Mode in Antiresonant Tube Lattice Terahertz Fibers

“…Note that, the HOMER is used to quantitatively measure fibers single mode performance. It is defined as the ratio of core HOMs loss and FM loss [45], [46].…”

Glass: The carrier of light—Part II—A brief look into the future of optical fiber

“…[38][39][40] More recently, a second important general category of hollow-core fibers was realized, the so-called "negative curvature" (or anti-resonant) fibers. [41][42][43] These fibers possess a simpler structure than the hollow core bandgap photonic crystal fibers, which makes their fabrication somewhat more straight-forward and their yield higher. Additionally, over a shorter development period, they now account for the lowest loss of the hollow core fibers (see, again, Figure 6 in Ref.…”

A Dual Hollow Core Antiresonant Optical Fiber Coupler Based on a Highly Birefringent Structure-Numerical Design and Analysis

“…These fibers are known for their multiple, wide transmission windows and remarkably high core-mode confinement, which reduces their dispersion to only a few ps/nm × km. All of the above, combined with a great modification and design flexibility of HC-ARFs, have resulted in researchers presenting numerous different structures based on two most known HC-ARF cladding types-the single-ring [34,35] and Kagomé [36,37] types. This flexibility can also be considered one of the factors which have encouraged researchers to pursue the idea of a dual hollow-core antiresonant fiber (DHC-ARF).…”