Single-molecule precursor-based approaches to cobalt sulphide nanostructures

Ramasamy, Karthik; Maneerprakorn, Weerakanya; Malik, Mohammad Azad; O’Brien, Paul

doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0125

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Various single source precursors have been investigated including metal complexes of dialkyldithiocarbamates, − alkyl xanthates, and dimorpholino dithioacetylacetonates . We have recently demonstrated that thio- and dithio-biuret metal complexes can be used as single source precursors for the preparation of various metal sulfide thin films − and nanoparticles . In continuing this work, we report the synthesis of Zn and Cd complexes of 1,1,5,5-tetraalkyl-2-4-dithiobiurets (R = methyl or ethyl) and 1,1,5,5-tetraalkyl-2-thiobiurets (R = isopropyl) and their use as single molecular precursors for deposition of ZnS, CdS, and Zn x Cd 1− x S thin films by AACVD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thio- and Dithio-Biuret Precursors for Zinc Sulfide, Cadmium Sulfide, and Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zinc and cadmium complexes of 1,1,5,5-tetraalkyl-2-4-dithiobiurets [M(N-(SCNR 2 ) 2 ) 2 ] [M = Zn, R = methy (1), ethyl (2) and M = Cd, R = methyl (4), ethyl (5)] and 1,1,5,5-tetraalkyl-2-thiobiurets [M(SON(CNR 2 ) 2 ) 2 ] [M = Zn, R = isopropyl (3) and M = Cd, R = isopropyl (6)] have been synthesized. The single crystal X-ray structures of complexes (2), ( 3), (4), and (5) were determined. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that all six complexes decomposed in a single step to their corresponding metal sulfides. The complexes were used as single source precursors for the deposition of zinc sulfide (ZnS), cadmium sulfide (CdS), and zinc cadmium sulfide (Zn x Cd 1-x S) thin films by aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD). The zinc complexes (1) and ( 3) deposited cubic ZnS films with small rods and granular crystallites at 300 and 350 °C, whereas at 400 and 450 °C hexagonal ZnS with granular crystallites were dominant. Complex (2) gave granular hexagonal ZnS films at all deposition temperatures. Cadmium complexes (4), ( 5), and (6) gave granular hexagonal CdS films at all deposition temperatures. Zn x Cd 1-x S films were deposited by varying the relative concentration of precursors ( 1) and ( 4), ( 2) and ( 5), and ( 3) and ( 6) at 400 °C. The formation of a solid solution was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. The morphology of the films was studied by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The elemental composition of films was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thio- and Dithio-Biuret Precursors for Zinc Sulfide, Cadmium Sulfide, and Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the application of cobalt sulfide in dye degradation and adsorption has not been explored much. Additionally, it is low-cost material and has different stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric phases of cobalt sulfides such as Co 4 S 3 , Co 9 S 8 , CoS, Co 3 S 4 , Co 2 S 3 , Co 1– x S, and CoS 2 . − Therefore, we chose cobalt sulfide as the material of choice for photocatalytic and adsorption studies. The band gap, phase, and morphology of this material can be tuned synthetically by decreasing the size to nano regime as per need that is suitable for the removal of organic dyes via visible-light photocatalysis and adsorption. , In this study, we developed a low-temperature wet-chemical green route for the synthesis of cobalt sulfide NS with different phase and morphology (Scheme ) and subsequently used it for photocatalysis and adsorption studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Tuned Originated Dual Properties of Cobalt Sulfide Nanostructures as Photocatalyst and Adsorbent for Removal of Dye Pollutants

Khan

Kumari

Chowdhury

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synthesis of cobalt sulfide nanostructures (NS) with tunable phases was achieved by changing the reaction temperature through facile precipitation method. Prepared NS were fully characterized by powder Xray diffraction, UV−vis spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Xray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller analysis. The NS synthesized at 90 °C (CoS) have photocatalytic property, while at 70 °C (Co 4 S 3 ) they were found to have adsorption activity. This change of property with the tuning of the phases of cobalt sulfide was observed for the first time to our knowledge. On the one hand, organic dyes such as rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), crystal violet, and nile blue were subjected to photocatalysis under visible light irradiation at pH 6.8 and were found to degrade organic dyes rapidly and efficiently with only 2% loss of activity after the seventh cycle of reaction. On the other hand, the adsorbent has shown extremely high adsorption efficiency with maximum adsorption capacity for Congo red (3270 mg/g), RhB (1138 mg/g), and MB (629 mg/g). The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order rate kinetics and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The reusability of adsorbent was found up to eighth cycle without significant loss of activity.

show abstract

“…The higher intensity of (001) peak suggests that brucite-like β-Co(OH) 2 prefers the growth direction along the (001) crystal plane, [ 31 ] consistent with the FFT and high resolution TEM (HRTEM) results. In addition, the peaks corresponding to CoS x (311) are observed at 29.7° (labeled as ♣), [ 32 ] those corresponding to CoS nanoparticle (100) and (101) are observed at 33.9° and 36.2°, respectively (labeled as ♠). [ 33 ] The accounts for the aMoS 2+ x (labeled as * ) and nickel foam (labeled as #) peaks are given in Figure S7 in the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Step Synthesis of CoS‐Doped β‐Co(OH)₂@Amorphous MoS₂₊_x Hybrid Catalyst Grown on Nickel Foam for High‐Performance Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting

Yoon

Kim

2016

Adv Funct Materials

230

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

wileyonlinelibrary.comHence, developing effi cient and economical electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is one of the main challenges of current research. [7][8][9] Recently, there have been important fi ndings regarding (i) the use of amorphous molybdenum sulfi de (a-MoS x ) catalysts for HER [10][11][12][13][14] which exhibits signifi cantly higher HER electrocatalytic activity than its crystalline molybdenum disulfi de [ 15 ] and (ii) the use of Co-based layered double hydroxide for OER due to the formation of catalytic active Co species layer on the surface when driven by electrical energy, [16][17][18][19][20] and (iii) the ability of its layered structure to facilitate the diffusion and proton-coupled electron transfer of electrolytes. [ 21 ] However, bifunctional electrocatalysts which are effective for both HER and OER in the same electrolyte environment remain underdeveloped. Such bifunctional electrocatalysts can lead to high performance catalytic activity with drastic cost reduction when applied to the alkaline water splitting which is getting the spotlight as a strong candidate for commercializing large-scale production of hydrogen and oxygen. [22][23][24][25][26][27] Here we demonstrate that the hybrid containing cobalt and molybdenum is a highly active and stable catalyst for both HER and OER in alkaline media. In particular, the HER catalytic activity shows an overpotential of 143 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 for mass loading of 0.2 mg cm −2 (as compared with an overpotential of 70 mV by 20% Pt/C) and the OER catalytic activity shows an overpotential of 380 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 for mass loading of 0.2 mg cm −2 (as compared with overpotential of 325 mV by IrO 2 ). Furthermore, in a two-electrode system of the catalyst, an overpotential of only 1.58 V was required for overall water splitting at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 as well as durability at 1.6-1.8 V during 100 000 s. This performance makes the CoS  Co(OH) 2 @aMoS 2+ x /NF hybrid catalyst as one of the best overall water splitting catalysts. The origins of specialized active species for HER and OER are probed.Developing effi cient and economical electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with readily available metals is one of the main challenges for large scale hydrogen/oxygen production. This study reports one step synthesis of cobalt and molybdenum hybrid materials for high performance overall water splitting. The binder-free CoS-doped β-Co(OH) 2 @ amorphous MoS 2+ x is coated on nickel foam (NF) to form 3D networked nanoplates that have large surface area and high durability for electrochemical reactions. The catalytic activity of electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution is mainly attributed to the unsaturated sulfur site of amorphous MoS 2+ x . Meanwhile, the CoS-doped β-Co(OH) 2 plays the major role in oxygen evolution. CoS-doped β-Co(OH) 2 and aMoS 2+ x are strongly bound to each other due to CoS x bridging. This CoS  Co(OH) 2 @aMoS 2+ x /NF hybrid exhibits excel...

show abstract

Single-molecule precursor-based approaches to cobalt sulphide nanostructures

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Thio- and Dithio-Biuret Precursors for Zinc Sulfide, Cadmium Sulfide, and Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films

Thio- and Dithio-Biuret Precursors for Zinc Sulfide, Cadmium Sulfide, and Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films

Phase Tuned Originated Dual Properties of Cobalt Sulfide Nanostructures as Photocatalyst and Adsorbent for Removal of Dye Pollutants

One‐Step Synthesis of CoS‐Doped β‐Co(OH)₂@Amorphous MoS₂₊_x Hybrid Catalyst Grown on Nickel Foam for High‐Performance Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Single-molecule precursor-based approaches to cobalt sulphide nanostructures

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Thio- and Dithio-Biuret Precursors for Zinc Sulfide, Cadmium Sulfide, and Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films

Thio- and Dithio-Biuret Precursors for Zinc Sulfide, Cadmium Sulfide, and Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films

Phase Tuned Originated Dual Properties of Cobalt Sulfide Nanostructures as Photocatalyst and Adsorbent for Removal of Dye Pollutants

One‐Step Synthesis of CoS‐Doped β‐Co(OH)2@Amorphous MoS2+x Hybrid Catalyst Grown on Nickel Foam for High‐Performance Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

One‐Step Synthesis of CoS‐Doped β‐Co(OH)₂@Amorphous MoS₂₊_x Hybrid Catalyst Grown on Nickel Foam for High‐Performance Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting