Single-Shot Electron-Beam Bunch Length Measurements

Wilke, Ingrid; MacLeod, A. M.; Gillespie, W. A.; Berden, Giel; Knippels, G.M.H.; Meer, A. F. G. van der

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.88.124801

Cited by 201 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…$100 fs the temporal profile is faithfully reproduced by integrating the resulting signal over frequency. This is consistent with other techniques [2,3,8]. As the bunch length becomes shorter, the frequency components that define its shape exist on both the low and high frequency sides of the transverse phonon resonance.…”

Section: Numerical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The next advancement in EOS was the development of a single shot technique that relies on spectral decoding [3,7,8,16]. Here instead of an ultrashort pulse, a stretched pulse is used as a probe and only the polarization state corresponding to the 1 " 10 axis is examined.…”

Section: A Current Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, this has been adapted to the longitudinal profiling of accelerated charged particle beams. EOS has been used to characterize beams either directly, by measuring their self-fields [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], or indirectly by measuring the THz fields generated from transition radiation diagnostics [12,13]. In the case of the former, the particle beam's longitudinal profile can be deduced from its self-fields due to the fact that for sufficiently relativistic beams the temporal structure of the selffields matches the temporal structure of the beam [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extending electro-optic detection to ultrashort electron beams

Helle

Gordon

Kaganovich

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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We propose a technique to extend noninvasive electro-optic detection of relativistic electron beams to bunch lengths of ' 10 fs. This is made possible by detecting the frequency mixing that occurs between the optical probe and the space charge fields of the beam, while simultaneously time resolving the resulting mixed frequency signal. The necessary formalism to describe this technique is developed and numerical solutions for various possible experimental conditions are made. These solutions are then compared to simulation results for consistency. Finally, the method to reconstruct the original bunch profile from the proposed diagnostic is discussed and an example showing a 15 fs test beam reconstructed to within an accuracy of 15% is given.

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Section: Numerical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: A Current Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extending electro-optic detection to ultrashort electron beams

Helle

Gordon

Kaganovich

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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“…If a crystal is placed adjacent to the electron beam, its index of refraction will be distorted anisotropically by the strong electromagnetic fields associated with the ultrarelativistic electrons [9,10]. This transient birefringence or electro-optic effect is induced without affecting the electron bunch propagation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clocking Femtosecond X Rays

Cavalieri¹,

Fritz²,

Lee³

et al. 2005

Phys. Rev. Lett.

249

109

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Linear-accelerator-based sources will revolutionize ultrafast x-ray science due to their unprecedented brightness and short pulse duration. However, time-resolved studies at the resolution of the x-ray pulse duration are hampered by the inability to precisely synchronize an external laser to the accelerator. At the Sub-Picosecond Pulse Source at the Stanford Linear-Accelerator Center we solved this problem by measuring the arrival time of each high energy electron bunch with electro-optic sampling. This measurement indirectly determined the arrival time of each x-ray pulse relative to an external pump laser pulse with a time resolution of better than 60 fs rms. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.114801 PACS numbers: 41.60.Cr, 41.75.Ht, 42.65.Re Ultrafast x-ray pulses are providing our first view of subpicosecond atomic motion. New sources based on high harmonic generation [1,2] and laser-produced plasmas [3] as well as femtosecond laser-sliced synchrotron emission [4] have been demonstrated. These sources produce x-ray pulses with durations of less than a few hundred femtoseconds, the time scale of vibrations in solids and molecules and the making and breaking of chemical bonds. While these sources provide the time resolution necessary to study these dynamics, their relatively low brightness limits their application and often hinders attempted experiments.A new generation of linear-accelerator-based x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) will be more than 20 orders of magnitude brighter than laser-plasma-based sources and have the potential to produce x-ray pulses below one femtosecond in duration [5]. With x rays from an XFEL, researchers can expect to image chemistry in real time on the atomic scale. While these new XFELs will be far brighter than any other ultrafast x-ray source, their physical size and complexity introduce new challenges which, if left unaddressed, will restrict their application. A major obstacle will be the inability to precisely synchronize the time-dependent process being studied with the x-ray pulse generated by a large accelerator-based source.Subpicosecond time-dependent phenomena are typically studied with pump-probe techniques in which the dynamics are initiated by an ultrafast laser or laser-driven source and then probed after a time delay. If these experiments can be self-synchronized, with the pump and probe having a common laser source, then precise time delays can be produced using different optical path lengths. The time resolution is then limited by the overlap of the pump and probe pulses that can be as short as a fraction of a PRL 94, 114801 (2005) P H Y S I C A L

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“…While the Coulomb field is always present, coherent radiation is emitted only in special geometries, for example when the electron bunches propagate through a bending magnet, a thin metal foil (transition radiation), or a slit or a hole in a metal (diffraction radiation). It was shown that the Coulomb field of sub-ps electron bunch structures with some 100 pC charge can be measured with about 200 fs resolution by the spectral decoding technique [3,4]. Also, measuring the coherent transition radiation has proven to be a suitable method to analyze the temporal profiles of electron bunches [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-optical measurement of sub-ps structures in low charge electron bunches

Müller

Peier

Schlott

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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Electro-optical detection of THz coherent synchrotron radiation is a nondestructive method for measuring subpicosecond electron bunches or subpicosecond substructures on otherwise longer electron bunches. With a new diagnostic setup at the Swiss Light Source, which combines an amplified Yb fiber laser and a suitable GaP crystal, we demonstrate sampling as well as spectrally resolved single-shot measurements of sliced electron bunches containing as little as a few pC of charge. The single-shot measurements not only allow for a precise electric field characterization but also for a detailed analysis of the timing jitter between the electron bunch and the synchronized Yb fiber laser. The measurements of subsequent turns in the storage ring show distinct deviations from the simulations and we find strong indications that this discrepancy is caused by radiation loss through coherent synchrotron radiation itself, which is not included in many of today's simulation codes.

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Single-Shot Electron-Beam Bunch Length Measurements

Cited by 201 publications

References 19 publications

Extending electro-optic detection to ultrashort electron beams

Extending electro-optic detection to ultrashort electron beams

Clocking Femtosecond X Rays

Electro-optical measurement of sub-ps structures in low charge electron bunches

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