Single-unit responses of caudate neurons to stimulation of frontal cortex, substantia nigra and entopeduncular nucleus in cats.

Liles, Samuel L.

doi:10.1152/jn.1974.37.1.254

Cited by 78 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…We infer from the present results that in primate M1 the CS projection is also dominated by intra-telencephalic CSNs, and fast-conducting distant-projecting neurons rarely collateralize to striatum. The late timing of striatal activity evoked by M1 stimulation is consistent with this interpretation (Liles, 1974(Liles, , 1975Kocsis et al, 1977). It is quite possible that a general class of intra-telencephalic M1 efferents have firing properties similar to what we found for CSNs.…”

Section: Segregation Of Signals Among M1 Efferent Pathwayssupporting

confidence: 88%

Corticostriatal Activity in Primary Motor Cortex of the Macaque

2000

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Although input from corticostriatal neurons (CSNs) plays a critical role in basal ganglia functions, little is known about CSN activity during behavior. We compared the properties of antidromically identified CSNs with those of antidromically identified neurons that project via the cerebral peduncle to distant targets. Both types of neurons were recorded in primary motor cortex (M1) of two monkeys as they performed a step-tracking task in which static loads opposed or assisted simple and precued movements of the elbow or wrist. Multiple lines of evidence suggested that CSNs and corticopeduncular neurons (CPNs) belong to distinct populations. No cells were activated from both striatum and peduncle. Compared with CPNs, CSNs had slow conduction velocities and low spontaneous rates, and the activity of most was unmodulated by sensory testing or within the tasks used. CSN activity resembled that described for M1-recipient striatal neurons: perimovement firing was small in magnitude, strongly directional, and rarely showed muscle-like load effects. Contrary to a previous report, perimovement activity in most CSNs began before movement onset. CSN activity was more selective than that of CPNs: CSN sensory responses and perimovement activities were often directionally specific, CSNs were often activated exclusively by sensory stimulation, active movement, or movement preparation, and a substantial fraction of CSNs (19%) was unresponsive to any task or manipulation. Thus, CSNs transmit signals distinct from those sent to spinal cord/brainstem. The highly selective activity of CSNs suggests that a discrete (i.e., sparse) code is used to signal cortical activation states to striatum.

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Section: Segregation Of Signals Among M1 Efferent Pathwayssupporting

confidence: 88%

Corticostriatal Activity in Primary Motor Cortex of the Macaque

2000

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“…The lack of effect of the toxin on stimulus-evoked excitation in the striatum and substantia nigra in the present experiments suggests that synaptic excitation at supraspinal sites is also uninfluenced by the toxin. Earlier investigations have indicated that inhibition of striatal neurones evoked by stimulation of the substantia nigra and dorsal raphe nucleus is mediated by dopamine and 5-HT respectively (Bloom et al 1965;McLennan & York, 1967;Connor, 1970;Feltz & de Champlain, 1972;Gonzales-Vegas, 1974;Liles, 1974;Miller et al 1975;Zarzecki et al 1976;Olpe & Koella, 1977;. The present 'acute' experiments on the striatum demonstrate that tetanus toxin does not affect these monoamine-mediated inhibitions when administered in doses, and often from the same micropipettes, that abolished synaptic inhibition in the substantia nigra.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…To test this hypothesis we have examined, in concurrent experiments, the effects of the toxin on presumed monoamine-mediated inhibition evoked in the striatum by both substantia nigra and dorsal raphe nucleus stimulation. Previous electrophysiological studies suggest that these synaptic events are mediated by dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine respectively (Bloom, Costa & Salmoiraghi, 1965;McLennan & York, 1967;Connor, 1970;Feltz & de Champlain, 1972;Gonzales-Vegas, 1974;Liles, 1974;Miller, Richardson, Fibiger & McLennan, 1975;Zarzecki, Blake & Somjen, 1976;Olpe & Koella, 1977;. The results obtained indicate that tetanus toxin selectively abolishes aminoacid-mediated synaptic inhibition in the central nervous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Tetanus toxin and synaptic inhibition in the substantia nigra and striatum of the rat.

Davies¹,

Tongroach²

1979

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The effects of tetanus toxin were determined on GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition of substantia nigra neurones evoked by striatal stimulation and on the presumed dopamine-and 5-hydroxytryptamine-mediated synaptic inhibition of striatal neurones evoked by nigral and dorsal raphe nucleus stimulation, respectively, in the urethane-anaesthetized rat.2. Following an intranigral injection of tetanus toxin, striatal-evoked inhibition of substantia nigra neurones, which is sensitive to bicuculline, was rapidly abolished. This effect was not accompanied by any significant change in the responses of nigral neurones to ionophoretically administered GABA or other putative neurotransmitters and thus indicates a presynaptic site of action of the toxin. 3. The rate of onset of action of the toxin in the substantia nigra was extremely rapid (1-4 min) and appeared to be related to the rate of activation of the inhibitory pathway.4. Injections into the substantia nigra of tetanus toxin neutralized with antitoxin had no significant effect on striatal-evoked inhibition in the substantia nigra.5. Injections of tetanus toxin into the striatum failed to influence the inhibition of striatal neurones evoked by stimulation of the ipsilateral substantia nigra or the dorsal raphe nucleus, suggesting that tetanus toxin does not impair monoaminemediated inhibition in the central nervous system. 6. Synaptic excitation which preceded substantia-nigra-evoked inhibition in striatal neurones and which occasionally preceded striatal-evoked inhibition in nigral neurones was also unaffected by tetanus toxin.7. It is suggested that tetanus toxin selectively abolishes GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition in the central nervous system and may be a useful tool in the identification of such synaptic inhibitory mechanisms.

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“…Similar observations from the cat were reported by Feltz and Albe-Fessard [9]. Buchwald et al [6] have observed that the cortical inputs tend to exert powerful excitatory influences on the firing of CN neurons, while other investigators have re ported short latency responses in CN neurons following MC stimulation [2,5,19,29]. Morphological evidence of a monosynaptic projection from the cortex to the striatum exists [30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Electrophysiological and morphological evidence indicates that corti cal inputs exert powerful influences on the firing of CN neurons [16,27,29,30], and responses of short latency are elicited by stimulation of mo tor cortex (MC) [2,5,19]. Several investigators have provided evidence for an extensive anatomical pathway from the amygdaloid nuclear com plex (Amyg) to the basal ganglia [1,12,13,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological Properties of Caudate Neurons Following Substantia nigra, Motor Cortex, and Amygdaloid Nuclear Complex Stimulation of the Rat

Dafny¹

1975

Stereotact Funct Neurosurg

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Extracellular single unit activities were recorded from the caudate nucleus (CN) in rat anesthetized with urethane. The present study is related to a selected population of CN neurons, only cells that exhibited spontaneous activity being investigated. A wide range of spontaneous firing was observed (0.1–15 spikes/sec). The majority of the units responded to electrical stimulation of substantia nigra (SN), motor cortex (MC), and amygdaloid complex (Amyg), 72, 70 and 65%, respectively; both decreased and increased firing rates were obtained following the three central stimulations. The majority of the responsive neurons (87%) showed significant alteration of their spontaneous firing rates following each of the three stimuli applied, i.e., there was a high degree of convergence. If a cell responded to one particular stimulation by an increase in discharge rate, the same cell would not necessarily respond to the other two stimuli in the same direction of change. Time locked action potentials were observed only following Amyg stimulation in 32% of the CN neuronal population. In the present study the population of units which exhibit spontaneous activity demonstrate polysynaptic connections with MC and SN. The possibility of mono, oligo- and polysynaptic connections from Amyg to CN is discussed. It is suggested that the connection between Amyg and CN provides a route through which the limbic system may influence somatic motor activity.

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Single-unit responses of caudate neurons to stimulation of frontal cortex, substantia nigra and entopeduncular nucleus in cats.

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Corticostriatal Activity in Primary Motor Cortex of the Macaque

Corticostriatal Activity in Primary Motor Cortex of the Macaque

Tetanus toxin and synaptic inhibition in the substantia nigra and striatum of the rat.

Electrophysiological Properties of Caudate Neurons Following Substantia nigra, Motor Cortex, and Amygdaloid Nuclear Complex Stimulation of the Rat

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