Sintesis Kitosan dari Kulit Udang sebagai Bahan Membran Elektrode Au/Kitosan/GTA/AChE untuk Deteksi Pestisida

Abstract

<p>Sintesis kitosan telah dikembangkan dengan metode pemanasan <em>microwave </em>(MW) menggunakan pelarut alkali untuk kebutuhan berbagai aplikasi yang salah satunya sebagai membran immobilisasi enzim. Penelitian membran kitosan dengan immobilisasi enzim asetilkolinesterase (AChE) sebagai elektrode biosensor terus berkembang untuk menghasilkan perangkat mutakhir yang dapat mendeteksi pestisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan biosensor berbasis elektrode membran Au/Kitosan/GTA/AChE untuk deteksi pestisida karbaril yang memiliki batas deteksi yang rendah, sensitivitas yang tinggi, waktu respon cepat dan presisi yang baik. Kitosan dihasilkan dari isolasi kitin dari kulit udang menggunakan alat MW dan pelarut NaOH dengan daya 450 Watt selama 15 menit menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 31,50%. Karakterisasi FTIR kitosan diidentifikasi adanya gugus O–H, C–N, N–H amina, dan C=O dengan intensitas yang rendah serta derajat deasetilasi rata-rata 95,6 ± 0,1%. Komposisi elektrode membran Au/Kitosan/GTA/AChE menggunakan kitosan dengan variasi konsentrasi 2, 5, dan 8% (b/v) dan glutaraldehid (GTA) 25%, kawat Au dan diimobilisasikan enzim asetilkolinesterase (AChE). Elektrode membran Au/Kitosan 2%/GTA/AChE memiliki karakteristik yang baik dimana nilai sensitivitas sebesar 23,318 mV.dekade<sup>-1</sup> pada rentang konsentrasi pestisida 10<sup>-7 </sup>– 10<sup>-1</sup> µg mL<sup>-1</sup> dengan batas deteksi (LoD) 1 × 10<sup>-7 </sup>µg mL<sup>-1</sup>. Waktu respon yang diperoleh yaitu pada rentang waktu 5– 7 menit dengan <em>relative standard deviation</em> (RSD) sebesar 0,588%. Biosensor yang dikembangkan menunjukkan sensitivitas, stabilitas dan reproduktifitas yang baik, sehingga elektrode membran Au/Kitosan/GTA/AChE menjanjikan untuk alat deteksi pestisida. </p><p><strong>Synthesis of Chitosan from Shrimp Shell as Electrode Membrane Material Au/Chitosan/GTA/AChE for Pesticide Detection. </strong>Chitosan synthesis has been developed using the heating by microwave (MW) method using alkaline solvents for various applications, one of which is an enzyme immobilization membrane. Chitosan membrane research with immobilization of the enzyme Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as a biosensor electrode developed to produce advanced devices that can detect pesticides. This study aims to produce a biosensor based on Au/Chitosan/GTA/AChE membrane electrodes to detect carbaryl pesticides with a low detection limit, high sensitivity, fast response time, and good precision. Chitosan was produced from the isolation of chitin from shrimp shells using an MW device and NaOH solvent with a power of 450 Watts for 15 minutes to produce a yield of 31.50%. The FTIR characterization of chitosan identified the presence of O–H, C–H, C–N, N–H amine groups and C=O with low intensity and the average degree of deacetylation of 95.6 ± 0.1%. The composition of Au/Chitosan/GTA/AChE membrane electrodes used chitosan with various concentrations of 2, 5, and 8% (w/v) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) 25% on Au wire and immobilized with AChE enzyme. The Au/Chitosan 2%/GTA/AChE membrane electrode has good characteristics where the sensitivity value is 23.318 mV.decade<sup>-1</sup> in the pesticide concentration range of 10<sup>-7 </sup>– 10<sup>-1</sup> µg mL<sup>-1</sup> with a detection limit (LoD) of 1 × 10<sup>-7</sup> µg mL<sup>-1</sup>. The response time obtained is in the range of 5 ‒ 7 minutes with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.588%. The developed biosensor shows good sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility, thus Au/Chitosan/GTA/AChE membrane electrodes are promising for pesticide detection.</p>

Penurunan Salinitas Air Payau Menggunakan Beads Komposit Chitosan-Clay

“…Proses deasetilasi chitin menghasilkan chitosan, pada penelitian ini dihasilkan chitosan pada Gambar 2, berwarna putih tulang dan berbentuk serbuk. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian Mashuni (2021) yaitu chitosan berwarna putih tulang dan berbentuk serbuk [18]. Tabel 1, menunjukkan pada bilangan gelombang 3325,57 cm -1 terjadi serapan sebagai vibrasi tentang gugus -OH.…”

Highly Selective and Sensitive Determination of Hg(II) Ions Using Ion Selective Electrodes (ISE) Coated with the BEC4ND1 Ionophore as Membranes

“…The RSD value of 0.548 is less than 2. The smaller the RSD value, the higher the measurement precision of an electrode [32]. The ISE-BEC4ND1 Ionophore has a very high precision or repeatability of the measurement results for the very high Hg(II) ion potential value.…”

“…The of other studies, the greater the concentration of metal ions in the analyte solution, the faster the time required to form compounds or complex products. [13,17,23,[31][32][33]37].…”

Synthesis of Magnetic Chitosan Composite Beads as an Adsorbent for Removal of Organic Matter from Peat Water

“…In addition, in the absorption area of 1629 cm -1 , there was also a shift in wave number to 1622 cm -1 , which was possible because the N atoms of the amide group in chitosan also interacted electrostatically with anion groups in peat water during the adsorption process [20,21]. An overview of the proposed interactions that occur during the adsorption process is shown in Figures 4 and 5 [8,21,22,23,24].…”