SiOx‐Modified Biocarbon Materials Derived from Shaddock Peel for Li–Ion Batteries

Abstract

SiOx‐modified porous biocarbon (C/SiOx), derived from shaddock peel through pyrolysis reaction, has been explored as an anode in rechargeable lithium batteries. The hierarchical structure endows the C/SiOx composites ultrahigh specific capacity and high electronic conductivity. After 100 cycles, a reversible capacity over 740 mAh⋅g−1 can be obtained at a current density of 0.358 A⋅g−1. An acceptable capacity of 82 mAh⋅g−1 can also be exhibited by withstanding a current density of 17.9 A⋅g−1. The study demonstrates that C/SiOx composites can be employed as a potential anode for advanced Li‐ion batteries.

A Low-Cost SiOx/C@Graphite Composite Derived from Oat Husk as an Advanced Anode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…It can be seen that the four characteristic peaks of silicon are located at 103.5, 104.1, 104.5, and 104.5 and 105.2 eV, corresponding to Si + , Si 2+ , Si 3+ , and Si 4+ , respectively. 1 After calculation, the analytical results of Si + , Si 2+ , Si 3+ , and Si 4+ ratios in the three samples are shown in Table 1 . It is obvious that the content of Si + in the SCG-0.5 sample is the highest, followed by SCG-1 and SCG-2.…”

A Low-Cost and High-Capacity SiOx/C@graphite Hybrid as an Advanced Anode for High-Power Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…The high-resolution spectrum of the Si (2p) region shows three peaks located at 103.5, 104.1, and 104.5 eV ( Figure 3 b), belonging to Si + , Si 2+ , and Si 3+ of the amorphous SiO x , respectively. 47 Figure 3 c presents the spectrum of the C (1s) region where three peaks at about 283.8, 284.6, and 287.7 eV are observed, corresponding to the C=C, C–O, and C=O structures in the hybrid, respectively. A single highly symmetric peak centered at 532.7 eV is seen in the spectrum of the O (1s) region ( Figure 3 d), which is mainly originated from the rice husk-derived SiO x /C hybrid.…”

“…After 100 cycles, a specific discharge capacity of 745 mAh g –1 could be obtained at a current density of 0.358 A g –1 . 47 Guo et al synthesized a high-performance SiO x /C composite by exfoliating and repairing the structure of artificial graphite to load SiO x particles between the inside and the surface of silica. The synergy of multicomponent carbon materials could effectively solve the disadvantages of SiO x -based anodes in high-performance LIBs, especially in terms of promoting the formation of stable SEI layers.…”

“…On the other hand, silicon exists in the form of amorphous silica in plants, for example, rice husks, reed leaves, oat husks, etc. − Chu et al reported a silicon/carbon composite by the one-pot carbonization/magnesiothermic reduction process of the rice husk . Being applied as an anodic material, it delivered a high reversible capacity of 560 mAh g –1 as cycled at a current density of 100 mA g –1 over 180 cycles with good structural stability. , Gao et al also synthesized the SiO x /C composite material derived directly from agricultural rice husk byproducts, which delivered a reversible capacity of nearly 600 mAh g –1 at a current density of 100 mA g –1 after 100 cycles .…”

“…Peng et al used grapefruit peel to successfully prepare SiO x -modified biocarbon anode materials through the microwave-assisted hydrothermal reaction. After 100 cycles, a specific discharge capacity of 745 mAh g –1 could be obtained at a current density of 0.358 A g –1 . Guo et al synthesized a high-performance SiO x /C composite by exfoliating and repairing the structure of artificial graphite to load SiO x particles between the inside and the surface of silica.…”