Sistema de blocos prensados para produção de mudas de três espécies arbéreas nativas

Abstract

RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade do uso de blocos prensados como recipientes na produção de mudas de Inga marginata, Jacaranda puberula e Zeyheria tuberculosa. O sistema de bloco prensado (440 cm³/muda) foi comparado com sacos plásticos (330 cm3 ) e tubetes de seção circular (280 cm 3 ). O substrato utilizado foi uma mistura de composto orgânico, moinha de carvão e solo argiloso (6:2:2). Após a prensagem, os blocos prensados apresentaram dimensões de 60 x 40 x 12 cm (comprimento, largura e altura). Foram medidos a altura e o diâmetro das mudas mensalmente, dos 60 até 150 dias após a repicagem. Em seguida, determinou-se o peso de matéria seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Para avaliar o comportamento das mudas produzidas nos diferentes tratamentos e em condições de campo, mediram-se a taxa de sobrevivência aos 2 meses e o crescimento em altura aos 10 meses após o plantio. As mudas produzidas no sistema de blocos prensados apresentaram crescimento superior ou similar àquelas produzidas nos sacos plásticos e tubetes. Em condições de campo, a taxa de sobrevivência e o crescimento das plantas oriundas do sistema de blocos prensados não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas em relação às plantas oriundas de sacos plásticos e tubetes. O sistema de blocos prensados mostrou-se tecnicamente viável para a produção de mudas das espécies florestais estudadas.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de mudas, recipientes e reflorestamento. PRESSED BLOCK SYSTEM FOR SEEDLING PRODUCTION OF THREE NATIVE FOREST TREE SPECIES ABSTRACT -The objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using pressed blocks as containers for the production of

Production of Australian Cedar Seedlings Inoculated With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Different Types of Containers

“…Some authors (SCHIAVO; MARTINS, 2003;FREITAS et al, 2006;KELLER et al, 2009) have reported a greater increase in height and/or diameter, in various different species of trees, when they were planted in pressed blocks. According to Daniel et al (1997) and Carneiro (1995), stem base diameter is the best measurement to use when evaluating the seedling's capacity to survive in the field.…”

“…Moreover, according to Freitas et al (2005), seedlings planted in this kind of container can grow without their roots being confined, and with a morphological structure development closest to that found under natural conditions. These conditions lead to better root system development, with consequent greater absorption of water and nutrients, resulting in better development of the aerial part (LELES et al, 2000). Lisboa et al (2012) observed that the size of the container is a factor which affects the development of Australian cedar seedlings, highlighting the fact CARMO, E.R.…”

“…It is known that different methods of cultivation used in the production of tree seedlings directly affect the morphophysical characteristics which are indicators of quality (FREITAS et al, 2010;AJALA et al, 2012;LISBOA et al, 2012). One of the most important aspects in the seedling production process is making the most suitable choice of container (KELLER et al, 2009). According to some authors (AJALA et al, 2012;LISBOA et al, 2012), this can promote benefits, such as better growth and development of the aerial parts and the root system and higher rates of survival for the seedlings planted out in the field, in addition to avoiding unnecessary expenditure on substrate.…”

“…However, the presence of a rigid wall imposes restrictions on root growth and can lead to stress and root deformation in some species after they have been planted out, with a reduction in the capacity of the plant to absorb water and nutrients from the soil and with slower rates of initial growth in the field (BARROSO et al, 2000a;FREITAS et al, 2005;KELLER et al, 2009). …”

“…Using pressed blocks in the production system has proved successful in allowing the root system to grow freely, without leading to structural deformations (FREITAS et al, 2005;KELLER et al, 2009;FREITAS et al, 2010). In addition, the process can be mechanized, in the same way as when using containers with rigid walls, maximizing productivity (FREITAS et al, 2005).…”