Six Potential Superior Durian Plants Resulted by Cross Breeding of D. zibethinus and D. Kutejensis From East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Initial Identification

Abstract

Kalimantan Island is rich in genetic resources and species diversity of Durio spp. Of the 27 durian species in the world, 18 species are found in Borneo. The large number of Durio species that grow in Kalimantan illustrates that this area is the most important distribution center for durian relatives. Two of the best-known edible durians in East Kalimantan are Durian (Duriozibethinus) and Lai (Durio kutejensis). However, as a plant with a cross-pollination mechanism, there are many results of natural crosses between the two. The study aimed to identify Durian x Lai plants in Loa Kulu, Kutai Kertanegara, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia as the superior local fruit crops potentially agribusiness industry. This research was carried out by collecting data and information about the morphological characteristics of the plants and fruits from D. Zibenthinus x D. Kutejensis. The results of the study successfully identified 6 potentially superior plants that are believed to be the result of a cross between D. Zibenthinus x D. kutenjensis. The 6 potential superior plants were found to have different morphological characters. This is the initial identification and being a basis of the next research phase, which is to identify the morphology of trees, flowers, and fruit to obtain new cultivars crossing D.zibenthinus and D. Kutejensis which have superior potential as superior commodities from East Kalimantan.

Phenotypic Diversity of Super Local Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Varieties from South Kalimantan, Indonesia: A Case Study

“…Conceptually, the high diversity level of durian is due to the self-incompatibility or crosspollination events (Handayani and Ismadi, 2018). In other words, plants with a cross-pollination mechanism (like durians) are derived from natural crosses and are very difficult to obtain with potentially superior character (Kurniadinata et al, 2019). In this context, plant breeders utilize this aspect to assemble new-improved varieties with desired traits, particularly for abiotic and biotic stress adaptation, including consumer-preferred (Swarup et al, 2021;Mursyidin, 2022).…”

Viabilitas Serbuk Sari dan Keberhasilan Persilangan antara Durian Montong dan Sitokong pada Tiga Waktu Berbeda

“…Sistem penyerbukan tanaman durian adalah menyerbuk silang (Lim dan Luders 1998). Kelebihan sistem penyerbukan silang pada tanaman adalah meningkatnya keragaman genetik pada keturunan yang dihasilkan akibat terjadinya penyatuan gamet jantan dan gamet betina (Kurniadinata et al 2019), dan meningkatkan kualitas buah (Indriyani et al 2012;Dung et al 2021) sedangkan kekurangan penyerbukan silang pada tanaman adalah adanya perbedaan karakter antara tetua dengan keturunan yang dihasilkan, butuh polinator, dan banyak serbuk sari yang terbuang (Krishnan et al 2012;Aziz et al 2017). Di alam, tingkat keberhasilan penyerbukan silang tanaman durian sangat rendah (kurang dari 5% yang sukses menjadi buah) karena adanya sifat ketidaksesuaian mandiri (selfincompatibility) bunga durian yang tinggi (Lim dan Luders 2009) dan perbedaan kematangan serbuk sari dengan kepala putik yang tidak bersamaan pada bunga durian (Wiryanta 2008).…”

Genetic Diversity and Relationship of Durian (Durio spp.) Germplasm Based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Region: In Silico Analysis

“…), belonging to the Malvaceae family, is a higher plant with a relatively high diversity of species (Mursyidin et al, 2022). This germplasm is estimated to reach 27 species (Kurniadinata et al, 2019). It spreads widely, especially in the Asian region, including Cambodia, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, ABSTRAK Durian (Durio spp.)…”