Size at birth and neonatal and postneonatal mortality

Cheung, Yin‐Bun; Yip, P S F; Karlberg, Johan

doi:10.1080/080352502317371706

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Infants born with “asymmetry” defined this way have higher rates of perinatal morbidity[ 40 ] and mortality. [ 41 ] In our study low weight, low length and low ponderal index were associated with CP, which corroborates previous findings. However, high ponderal index in our study was also associated with higher risk of CP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Disproportionate Fetal Growth and the Risk for Congenital Cerebral Palsy in Singleton Births

Streja

Miller

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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ObjectiveTo investigate the association between proportionality of fetal and placental growth measured at birth and the risk for congenital cerebral palsy (CP).Study DesignWe identified all live-born singletons born in Denmark between 1995 and 2003 and followed them from 1 year of age until December 31st, 2008. Information on four indices of fetal growth: ponderal index, head circumference/ abdominal circumference ratio, cephalization index and birth weight/ placenta weight ratio was collected. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). All measurements were evaluated as gestational age and sex specific z-scores and in z-score percentile groups, adjusted for potential confounders, and stratified on gestational age groups (<32, 32-36, 37-38, 39, 40, ≥41 weeks).ResultsWe identified 503,784 singleton births, of which 983 were confirmed cases of CP. Head/ abdominal circumference ratio (aHR:1.12; 95%CI:1.07-1.16) and cephalization index (aHR:1.14; 95%CI:1.11-1.16) were associated with the risk of CP irrespective of gestational age. Birth weight-placental weight ratio was also associated with CP in the entire cohort (aHR:0.90; 95%CI:0.83-0.97). Ponderal index had a u-shaped association with CP, where both children with low and high ponderal index were at higher risk of CP.ConclusionsCP is associated with disproportions between birth weight, birth length, placental weight and head circumference suggesting pre and perinatal conditions contribute to fetal growth restriction in children with CP.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Disproportionate Fetal Growth and the Risk for Congenital Cerebral Palsy in Singleton Births

Streja

Miller

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…Kramer et al (1989) showed that disproportionality increased with increasing severity of growth restriction, suggesting the presence of a continuum of fetal growth restriction, rather than two distinct patterns. Regardless, several studies have shown associations between low ponderal index and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes (Cheung et al 2002; Fay et al 1991; Nieto et al 1998; Villar et al 1990). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cord Serum Concentrations of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in Relation to Weight and Size at Birth

Apelberg

Witter

Herbstman

et al. 2007

Environ Health Perspect

553

390

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BackgroundRecent studies have reported developmental toxicity among rodents dosed with perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA).ObjectivesWe examined the relationship between concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in cord serum (surrogates for in utero exposures) and gestational age, birth weight, and birth size in humans.MethodsWe conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study of singleton deliveries in Baltimore, Maryland. Cord serum samples (n = 293) were analyzed for PFOS and PFOA by online solid-phase extraction, coupled with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography–isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Maternal characteristics and anthropometric measures were obtained from medical charts.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, both PFOS and PFOA were negatively associated with birth weight [per ln-unit: β = −69 g, 95% confidence interval (CI), −149 to 10 for PFOS; β = −104 g, 95% CI, −213 to 5 for PFOA], ponderal index (per ln-unit: β = −0.074 g/cm3 × 100, 95% CI, −0.123 to −0.025 for PFOS; β = −0.070 g/cm3 × 100, 95% CI, −0.138 to −0.001 for PFOA), and head circumference (per ln-unit: β = −0.32 cm, 95% CI, −0.56 to −0.07 for PFOS; β = −0.41 cm, 95% CI, −0.76 to −0.07 for PFOA). No associations were observed between either PFOS or PFOA concentrations and newborn length or gestational age. All associations were independent of cord serum lipid concentrations.ConclusionsDespite relatively low cord serum concentrations, we observed small negative associations between both PFOS and PFOA concentrations and birth weight and size. Future studies should attempt to replicate these findings in other populations.

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“…Impaired fetal growth has been associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality ( Ashworth 1998 ; Cheung et al 2002 ). Additionally, the impact of fetal growth restriction has been shown to extend to chronic diseases of adulthood ( Barker et al 2002 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cord Blood Methylmercury and Fetal Growth Outcomes in Baltimore Newborns: Potential Confounding and Effect Modification by Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Selenium, and Sex

Wells

Herbstman

Lin

et al. 2016

Environ Health Perspect

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BackgroundMethylmercury (MeHg) may affect fetal growth; however, prior research often lacked assessment of mercury speciation, confounders, and interactions.ObjectiveOur objective was to assess the relationship between MeHg and fetal growth as well as the potential for confounding or interaction of this relationship from speciated mercury, fatty acids, selenium, and sex.MethodsThis cross-sectional study includes 271 singletons born in Baltimore, Maryland, 2004–2005. Umbilical cord blood was analyzed for speciated mercury, serum omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFAs), and selenium. Multivariable linear regression models controlled for gestational age, birth weight, maternal age, parity, prepregnancy body mass index, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, selenium, n-3 HUFAs, and inorganic mercury (IHg).ResultsGeometric mean cord blood MeHg was 0.94 μg/L (95% CI: 0.84, 1.07). In adjusted models for ponderal index, βln(MeHg) = –0.045 (g/cm3) × 100 (95% CI: –0.084, –0.005). There was no evidence of a MeHg × sex interaction with ponderal index. Contrastingly, there was evidence of a MeHg × n-3 HUFAs interaction with birth length [among low n-3 HUFAs, βln(MeHg) = 0.40 cm, 95% CI: –0.02, 0.81; among high n-3 HUFAs, βln(MeHg) = –0.15, 95% CI: –0.54, 0.25; p-interaction = 0.048] and head circumference [among low n-3 HUFAs, βln(MeHg) = 0.01 cm, 95% CI: –0.27, 0.29; among high n-3 HUFAs, βln(MeHg) = –0.37, 95% CI: –0.63, –0.10; p-interaction = 0.042]. The association of MeHg with birth weight and ponderal index was affected by n-3 HUFAs, selenium, and IHg. For birth weight, βln(MeHg) without these variables was –16.8 g (95% CI: –75.0, 41.3) versus –29.7 (95% CI: –93.9, 34.6) with all covariates. Corresponding values for ponderal index were –0.030 (g/cm3) × 100 (95% CI: –0.065, 0.005) and –0.045 (95% CI: –0.084, –0005).ConclusionWe observed an association of increased MeHg with decreased ponderal index. There is evidence for interaction between MeHg and n-3 HUFAs; infants with higher MeHg and n-3 HUFAs had lower birth length and head circumference. These results should be verified with additional studies.CitationWells EM, Herbstman JB, Lin YH, Jarrett J, Verdon CP, Ward C, Caldwell KL, Hibbeln JR, Witter FR, Halden RU, Goldman LR. 2016. Cord blood methylmercury and fetal growth outcomes in Baltimore newborns: potential confounding and effect modification by omega-3 fatty acids, selenium, and sex. Environ Health Perspect 124:373–379; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408596

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Size at birth and neonatal and postneonatal mortality

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Disproportionate Fetal Growth and the Risk for Congenital Cerebral Palsy in Singleton Births

Disproportionate Fetal Growth and the Risk for Congenital Cerebral Palsy in Singleton Births

Cord Serum Concentrations of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in Relation to Weight and Size at Birth

Cord Blood Methylmercury and Fetal Growth Outcomes in Baltimore Newborns: Potential Confounding and Effect Modification by Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Selenium, and Sex

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