In this review, we collected data on the age at maturity (t m ) and maximum reported age (t max ) for 235 stocks of Mediterranean marine fishes, belonging to 82 species, 37 families, 12 orders and 2 classes (Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii). Among Actinopterygii (mean t m ± SD = 2.20 ± 1.43 y, n = 215), t m ranged from 0.3 y, for the common goby Pomatoschistus microps, to 12 y, for the dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus, while among Elasmobranchii (mean t m ± SD = 5.94 ± 2.47 y, n = 20), t m ranged between 2.7 y, for brown ray Raja miraletus, and 12 y for the picked dogfish Squalus acanthias. Overall, t max ranged between 1 y, for the transparent goby Aphia minuta, and 70 y, for the wreckfish Polyprion americanus. Mean t max of Actinopterygii (t max ± SD = 10.14 ± 9.42 y) was lower than that of Elasmobranchii (t max ± SD = 14.05 ± 8.47 y); t m exhibited a strong positive linear relation with t max for both Actinopterygii (logt m = 0.58 x logt max -0.25, r 2 = 0.51, P < 0.001) and Elasmobranchii (logt m = 0.67 x logt max -0.006, r 2 = 0.51, P = 0.007). Mean t m /t max did not differ significantly with sex within Actinopterygii (ANOVA: F = 0.27, P = 0.60, n = 90; females: mean ± SD = 0.276 ± 0.143; males: mean ± SD = 0.265 ± 0.138) and Elasmobranchii (ANOVA: F = 1.44, P = 0.25, n = 10; females: mean ± SD = 0.499 ± 0.166; males: mean ± SD = 0.418 ± 0.133). Finally, the dimensionless ratio t m /t max was significantly lower (ANOVA: F = 31.04, P < 0.001) for Actinopterygii (mean ± SD = 0.270 ± 0.135, n = 180) than for Elasmobranchii, (mean ± SD = 0.458 ± 0.152, n = 20), when stocks with combined sexes were excluded from the analysis.