Size Estimation of Pictures as a Function of Thematic Content for Schizophrenic and Normal Subjects<sup>1</sup>

Harris, Jesse G.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1957.tb01555.x

Cited by 67 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Empirical support for a nq;arlve relationship between maternal control and the offspring's level of adjuscmenr comes from direct clinical observation (Dworin & Wyant, 1957;Gerard & Siegal, 1950;Jenkins, 1952;Lidz & Lidz, 1949;Reichard & Tilman, 1950;Tietz, 1949) and a variety of psychometric or laboratory studies (Baxter & Becker, 1962;Farina, 1960;Freeman & Grayson, 1955;Garmezy, Clark, & Stockner, 1961;Harris, 1955;Kohn & Clausen, 1956;Lane & Singer, 1959;Mark, 1951). Five previous studies in which the PARI has been employed as a measure of perceived maternal control have shown the predicted 'Seclusion of morher, breaking the will, martyrdom, fear of harming the baby, excluding outside influences, approval ot activity, avoidance of communication, inconsiderateness of husband, suppression of sex, ascendance of mother, intrusiveness, acceleration of development, dependency of mother.…”

Section: Mea~ures Of Developmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Maternal Childrearing Control History and Subsequent Cognitive and Personality Functioning of the Offspring

Heilbrun

Orr

1965

Psychol Rep

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Perceived maternal childrearing practices were related to concept formation performance obtained under conditions involving negative social reinforcement. College girls reporting low control-lour nurrurant ("ignoring" pattern) or high control-low nurturant ("rejecting" partern) childrearing histories were conceptually inferior to those whose mothers were perceived as low control-high nurturant ("accepting" pattern). Personality differences among childrearing groups were also reported for both males and females. It was proposed that poorer conceptaal performance was obtained because a perceived "ignoring" mother-daughter relationship mediates an insensitivity to social reinforcement, whereas "rejected" females develop a special (disruptive) sensitivity to aversive social rein€orcernznt.Two recent experimects (Heilbrun, Orr, & Harrell, in press; Heilbrun LQ Orr, in press) have demonstrated that the type of childrearing control pattern attributed to the mother by her college-age son allows for prediction of his cognitive performance and changes in level-of-aspiration under conditions involving negative social reinforcement. Maternal childrearing patterns in both experiments were separated into four types based upon combined ratings of control and nurmrance, proposed as the two basic dimensions of maternal behavior (Roe, 1957;Schaefer, 1959; Slatcr, 1962). These patterns were: ( a ) "Accepting" (low control-high nurturact ), ( b ) "Rejecting" (high control-low nurturant), ( c ) "Overprotective" (high control-high nurturant), and ( d ) "Ignoring" (low control-low nurcurant ) .The clearest differences were found between the superior performance of males reporting an "accepting" history and "rejected" males. "Overprotected" ~nales also tended to be conceprually inferior to "accepted" Ss and "ignored" Ss tended to perform at an inrermediate level of proficiency. Following Rodnick and Garmezy (1957), i t was proposed that a history of maternal rejection resulted in lower self-esteem and a hypersensitivity to social censure which rnediaced task-irrelevant responses ro failure cues incompatible with the conceptual responses.The second Heilbrun cnd Orr experiment ( i n press) extended the concept formation findings into motivational behavior. "Rejected" males, as predicted,

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Section: Mea~ures Of Developmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Maternal Childrearing Control History and Subsequent Cognitive and Personality Functioning of the Offspring

Heilbrun

Orr

1965

Psychol Rep

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“…These descriptions are presented in Harris ( 1957) and Davis, et al ( 1967). These descriptions are presented in Harris ( 1957) and Davis, et al ( 1967).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The artificial pupil was constructed of opaque disks mounted in a set of opthalmologic frames which could be adjusted for each S. The size-estimation stimuli were the same line drawings as had been used by Harris ( 1957). X 2-in.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the validity of the scanning constrilct itself may be questioned (Neale & Cromwell, 1968), relatively good support exists for Silverman's classification of acute schizophrenics with reference to their size-escimation behavior (Harris, 1957;Zahn, 1959;Davis, Cromwell, & Held, 1967;Neale & Cromwell, 1968). Less clarity exists, however, regarding the size-estimation performance of chronic schizophrenics (Zahn, 1959;Mehl, 1966).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size Estimation in Schizophrenia: Some Additional Controls

1971

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“…For example, Harris (1957) found that a group of schizophrenics did not differ from normals on a size-estimation task. One attempt at reducing this variability has been to subclassify schizophrenics using individual difference variables such as premorbid adjustment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Profiles of Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients

Kopfstein¹,

Neale

1973

Percept Mot Skills

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Srdmmary.-60 schizophrenic and GO nonschizophrenic male psychiatric patients were administered five laboratory tasks. Individual difference measures were also made. The hierarchical grouping procedure was used to form groups of patients with similar performance profiles on the laboratory tasks. The covariation of performance profiles and individual difference variables was examined. The groups which emerged were highly specific; constructs like schizophrenia, premorbid adjustment, paranoia, and chronicity were too global to describe performance profiles accurately.

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Size Estimation of Pictures as a Function of Thematic Content for Schizophrenic and Normal Subjects¹

Cited by 67 publications

References 21 publications

Maternal Childrearing Control History and Subsequent Cognitive and Personality Functioning of the Offspring

Maternal Childrearing Control History and Subsequent Cognitive and Personality Functioning of the Offspring

Size Estimation in Schizophrenia: Some Additional Controls

Performance Profiles of Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients

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Size Estimation of Pictures as a Function of Thematic Content for Schizophrenic and Normal Subjects1

Cited by 67 publications

References 21 publications

Maternal Childrearing Control History and Subsequent Cognitive and Personality Functioning of the Offspring

Maternal Childrearing Control History and Subsequent Cognitive and Personality Functioning of the Offspring

Size Estimation in Schizophrenia: Some Additional Controls

Performance Profiles of Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients

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Product

Resources

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Size Estimation of Pictures as a Function of Thematic Content for Schizophrenic and Normal Subjects¹