Size-partitioning of an urban aerosol to identify particle determinants involved in the proinflammatory response induced in airway epithelial cells

Ramgolam, Kiran; Favez, Olivier; Cachier, H.; Gaudichet, A.; Marano, Francelyne; Martinon, Laurent; Baeza‐Squiban, Armelle

doi:10.1186/1743-8977-6-10

Cited by 100 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…In particular, due to its sensitivity in the submicron-size fraction, the model may be adequately used to run realistic abatement scenarios for prediction of radiative impacts and may help to develop appropriate pollution controls. The aerosol model may also serve as a first step to evaluate aerosol deposition in the respiratory track and the detailed chemical description of the fine modes might be considered as a useful tool too for research in the field of biological effects of the respirable aerosol [Ramgolam et al, 2009].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol complexity in megacities: From size‐resolved chemical composition to optical properties of the Beijing atmospheric particles

Roger

Guinot

Cachier

et al. 2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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International audienceMegacities need adapted tools for the accurate modeling of aerosol impacts. For this purpose a new experimental data processing has been worked out for Beijing aerosols as case study. Size-resolved aerosol particles were extensively sampled during winter and summer 2003 and subsequently fully chemically characterized. The product is an aerosol model presenting a new particle pattern (mode number, size and chemistry) without any prerequisite constrain either on the mode number or on each mode chemical composition. Six modes were found and five of them consistently appear as internally mixed particles organized around a black carbon or a dust core coated by organic and/or inorganic material. Data were checked by robust comparisons with other experimental data (particle number, sunphotometer-derived derived data). We found the presence of two accumulation modes in different internal mixing and optical calculations show that the Beijing aerosol single scattering albedo (ωo # 0.90) is significantly higher than expected. Such an approach would allow realistic modeling of atmospheric particle impacts under complex situations

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol complexity in megacities: From size‐resolved chemical composition to optical properties of the Beijing atmospheric particles

Roger

Guinot

Cachier

et al. 2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Short-and long-term exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ) is linked to an increased risk of cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality [2,3] and reduced life expectancy [4]. Also, associations between chemical characteristics and PM toxicity tend to be stronger for the smaller PM size fractions [5]. Although air quality standards are used to control and manage exposure to its concentrations and emissions, a detailed understanding of the chemical composition of PM 2.5 is essential, since chemical substances not only play a crucial role in toxicity but also could be employed as a fingerprint to identify its origin [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Sources of Trace Metals and Ionic Species in PM2.5 in Guadalajara, Mexico: A Case Study during Dry Season

et al. 2015

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This study was conducted from May 25 to June 6, 2009 at a downtown location (Centro) and an urban sector (Miravalle) site in the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara (MZG) in Mexico. The atmospheric concentrations of PM 2.5 and its elemental and inorganic components were analyzed to identify their potential sources during the warm dry season. The daily measurements of PM 2.5 (24 h) exceeded the WHO (World Health Organization) air quality guidelines (25 µg¨m´3). The most abundant element was found to be Fe, accounting for 59.8% and 72.2% of total metals mass in Centro and Miravalle, respectively. The enrichment factor (EF) analysis showed a more significant contribution of non-crustal sources to the elements in ambient PM 2.5 in Centro than in the Miravalle site. Particularly, the highest enrichment of Cu suggested motor vehicle-related emissions in Centro. The most abundant secondary ionic species (NO 3´; SO 4 2´a nd NH 4 + ) and the ratio NO 3´/ SO 4 2´c orroborated the important impact of mobile sources to fine particles at the sampling sites. In addition, the ion balance indicated that particles collected in Miravalle experienced neutralization processes likely due to a higher contribution of geological material.Other important contributors to PM 2.5 included biomass burning by emissions transported from the forest into the city.

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“…A large number of health-related studies recognized that fine particles particularly submicron sizes, penetrate deep into lung and exacerbate chronic respiratory and pulmonary diseases (Delfino et al, 2005). Such diseases also induce morphological and functional alterations in human pulmonary epithelial cells (Ramgolam et al, 2009). Apart from this, Elemental composition of particulate plays an important role in the chemical characteristics of Particulate matters (PM) and provides interesting data, not only for the evaluation of its impact on human health (Marmur et al, 2006), ecology and environment (Braga et al, 2005) but also for the identification of specific emission sources (Voutsa et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Surface Morphology, Elemental Composition and Origin of Atmospheric Aerosols (PM2.5 and PM10) over Agra, India

Pipal

Jan

Satsangi

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

110

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In situ measurements of PM (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) particles were carried out using a medium volume air sampler (offline) and particle number concentrations of PM were measured by a Grimm aerosol spectrophotometer (online) during the study period of 2010-2011. The morphology and elemental composition analyses of PM were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS), respectively. The average mass concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 97.2 and 242.6 µg/m 3 at roadside (RD) and 121.2 and 230.5 µg/m 3 at a semirural (SR) site, respectively. These concentrations were substantially higher than the NAAQS, WHO and USEPA standards. The highest mass and number concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were observed during winter, followed by those during the post-monsoon period and summer, with the lowest in the monsoon period. SEM and EDS analysis of PM indicated the presence of soot, mineral, tarballs, fly ash, aluminosilicates/silica, fluorine, carbon rich, and Cl-Na rich particles. Of these particles, soot, tarballs, and F-C rich particles dominate in PM 2.5 , whereas mineral, aluminosilicates, and Cl-Na rich particles dominate in PM 10 . The morphology and elemental composition of the particles varied over the seasons due to atmospheric processing. The highest carbon concentration (56%) was observed in PM 2.5 during summer at the RD, while in the monsoon, postmonsoon period and winter the carbon concentration was ~9% lower at the RD as compared to the SR. However, the concentration of carbon in PM 10 was ~38% higher at the RD as compared to SR during both summer and winter. Air mass backward trajectory cluster analysis was performed, and the results indicate that the aerosol loadings over Agra are mainly transported from the Middle East and Arabian Sea during the summer and monsoon period, while during the pre-monsoon period and winter the aerosol loadings came from the northern region, and were due to the burning of biomass and coal, as well as other local activities.

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Size-partitioning of an urban aerosol to identify particle determinants involved in the proinflammatory response induced in airway epithelial cells

Abstract: In the frame of future regulations, a particular attention should thus be paid to the ultrafine/fine (here referred to as PM1) fraction due to their overwhelming anthropogenic origin and predominance in the urban aerosol and their pro-inflammatory potential.

Cited by 100 publications

References 42 publications

Aerosol complexity in megacities: From size‐resolved chemical composition to optical properties of the Beijing atmospheric particles

Aerosol complexity in megacities: From size‐resolved chemical composition to optical properties of the Beijing atmospheric particles

Potential Sources of Trace Metals and Ionic Species in PM2.5 in Guadalajara, Mexico: A Case Study during Dry Season

Study of Surface Morphology, Elemental Composition and Origin of Atmospheric Aerosols (PM2.5 and PM10) over Agra, India

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