Size-Selective Organization of Enthalpic Compatibilized Nanocrystals in Ternary Block Copolymer/Particle Mixtures

Bockstaller, Michael R.; Lapetnikov, Yonit; Margel, Shlomo; Thomas, Edwin L.

doi:10.1021/ja034523t

Cited by 467 publications

(609 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A study conducted on nanoparticle‐diblock copolymer blends using a ternary system of polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene propylene) (PS‐b‐PEP), 3.5 nm gold nanoparticles and 21.5 nm silica nanoparticles demonstrated the influence of entropic contributions on the assembly process 119. The larger silica nanoparticles were found to predominantly accumulate to the centre of the PEP domain to minimize chain stretching that overcomes the loss of translational entropy of the particles.…”

Section: Polymer‐mediated Nanoparticle Superlatticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

et al. 2017

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Nanoparticle superlattices are periodic arrays of nanoscale inorganic building blocks including metal nanoparticles, quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles. Such assemblies can exhibit exciting new collective properties different from those of individual nanoparticle or corresponding bulk materials. However, fabrication of nanoparticle superlattices is nontrivial because nanoparticles are notoriously difficult to manipulate due to complex nanoscale forces among them. An effective way to manipulate these nanoscale forces is to use soft ligands, which can prevent nanoparticles from disordered aggregation, fine‐tune the interparticle potential as well as program lattice structures and interparticle distances – the two key parameters governing superlattice properties. This article aims to review the up‐to‐date advances of superlattices from the viewpoint of soft ligands. We first describe the theories and design principles of soft‐ligand‐based approach and then thoroughly cover experimental techniques developed from soft ligands such as molecules, polymer and DNA. Finally, we discuss the remaining challenges and future perspectives in nanoparticle superlattices.

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Section: Polymer‐mediated Nanoparticle Superlatticesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

et al. 2017

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“…This behavior has been experimen-tally documented by many authors and has been the subject of theoretical treatment. [12][13][14][15] While segregation of nanosized particles into specific domains of a multiphase system is reasonably understood, it remains still a puzzle what drives such particles to undergo reversible or irreversible association in a homogeneous polymer matrix. Theoretical treatments can be found in the recent literature for instance by Schweizer et al 16 and Balazs et al 17 However, experimental investigations that would allow to verify theoretical predictions are scarce and, in fact, difficult to obtain for the reason that suitable combinations of nanosized particles of precisely known surface properties and polymer matrices cannot be readily found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Properties of Composites of PMMA and Surface-Modified Zincite Nanoparticles

et al. 2007

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Composites that show visible light transmittance, UV absorption, and moderately high refractive index, based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and zinc oxide (zincite, ZnO) nanoparticles, were prepared in two steps. First, surface-modified ZnO nanoparticles with 22 nm average diameter were nucleated by controlled precipitation via acid-catalyzed esterification of zinc acetate dihydrate with pentan-1-ol. The surface of growing crystalline particles was modified with tert-butylphosphonic acid (tBuPO 3 H 2 ) in situ by monolayer coverage. Particle size and graft density of -PO 3 H 2 on the particle surface were controlled by the amount of surfactant applied to the reaction solution. Second, the surface-modified particles were incorporated into PMMA by in-situ bulk polymerization. Free radical polymerization was carried out in the presence of these particles using AIBN as initiator. Volume fraction (φ) of the particles was varied from 0.10 to 7.76% (0.5 to 30 wt %). Although the particles are homogeneously dispersed in monomer, segregation of the individual particles upon polymerization was observed. Optical constants of the films ca. 2.0 µm including absorption and scattering efficiencies, indices of refraction, and dispersion constants were determined. The absorption coefficient at 350 nm increases linearly with ZnO, obeying Beer's law at low particle contents. However, it levels off toward a value of about 5000 cm -1 and shows a negative deviation at high concentrations because of aggregation of the individual particles. Waveguide propagation loss coefficients of the composite films were examined by prism coupling. A steep increase of the loss coefficient was found with a slope of 52 dB cm -1 vol % -1 as the volume fraction of the particle increases. The refractive index of the composites depends linearly on volume fraction of ZnO and varies from 1.487 to 1.507 (φ ) 7.76%) at 633 nm. The dispersion of refractive index was found to be consistent with Cauchy's formula. IntroductionThe development of polymer-based composites which exhibit various optical functionalities such as high/low refractive index, tailored absorption/emission properties, or strong optical nonlinearities attracts great interest because of the potential optoelectronic applications. 1,2 More specifically, it was pointed out that such composite materials could be applied as transparent substrate or flexible functional layers of optoelectronic devices which require high transparency in the visible range of the optical spectrum. 3 Replacing the conventional substrates made up of inorganic glasses by polymer-based materials could provide a number of advantages, as the polymer composites have milder processing conditions and better impact resistance, can be made flexible, and the optical parameters can be tailored. These composites are typically obtained by the incorporation of functional inorganic particles into a transparent polymer matrix. 3 While the polymeric component provides processability, flexibility, and transparency, the inorg...

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“…[1][2][3] To this end, a variety of methods have been developed to selectively incorporate nanoparticles into the desired block copolymer domains. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] However, success in controlling their precise location within the domains remains limited.…”

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confidence: 99%