Sizing Optimization Algorithm for Vehicle-to-Grid System Considering Cost and Reliability Based on Rule-Based Scheme

Abstract

The most widely two Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) used are solar and wind as naturally found sources due to the provided merits as clean, free of charge, and environmentally friendly. However, they are facing limitations in intermittency. This article aims to utilize natural resources integrated with the utility grid and Electric Vehicle (EV) to provide a hybrid system with a minimum of two objectives namely Cost of Electricity (COE) and reliability using the Losses Power Supply Probability (LPSP) method. The two mentioned objectives are considered to satisfy the residential load demand with EV in terms of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) as this article considered. The mentioned objective has been addressed by the Improved Antlion Optimization Algorithm (IALO) and coupled with a high supervisory control method called Rule-Based Energy Management Strategy (RB-EMS) to guarantee to spread the power among the system component. Optimization results show the hybrid integration of the utilized RESs with the Battery (BT) gives the most economic and reliable system for the study area integrated with the EV battery. The gained result was validated with a natural-inspired metaheuristic algorithm called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). This article assesses the effect on the RESs generators to achieve an economic and reliable system.

A comprehensive review on Vehicle-to-Home integration based on home and industrial perspective

“…The aforementioned references comprehensively discussed the main and sub-classification of EV along with the standards. While the structure of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle (ICEV) is presented in Figure 2 which the main causes of pollution that recommended to be switched into EV [15]. Moreover, integrating vehicles with home systems allows for smarter home automation [16].…”

Supervisory Control of Solar-Wind-Biomass-Fuel Cell Energy System for Optimal Performance

“…Here 𝜎𝜎 is the battery's hourly self-discharge rate and 𝑛𝑛 𝐵𝐵 symbolizes the battery's efficiency [20,21].…”