Skeletal muscle metastasis from a gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Abstract

Rationale: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Common sites for metastasis are the liver and peritoneum, whereas skeletal muscle metastases are rare. Patient concerns: A 59-year-old man with skeletal muscle metastasis was diagnosed during a period of adjuvant imatinib therapy following the recurrence of GIST of the small intestine. Diagnosis: The patient was diagnosed with skeletal muscle metastasis of GIST based on immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology analysis results. Intervention: Extensive resection of the left thigh tumor was performed. The patient underwent whole-exome sequencing of tissue examination. The results suggest that resistance to imatinib may have been developed, and the patient was therefore administered sunitinib instead. Outcomes: Complete remission was observed following sunitinib therapy. Lessons: In cases of skeletal muscle metastasis diagnosed during a period of adjuvant imatinib therapy following the recurrence of a GIST of the small intestine, whole exome sequencing may be used to discover more gene variations.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with rare site metastasis (Review)

“…For example, when intracranial GIST metastasis occurs, it usually affects the nervous system, resulting in dizziness, headache, memory impairment, loss of sensation and inability to move a single limb, the inability to maintain body balance and abnormal gait and posture, along with a series of neurological crements (27,32,35,40,51,61,70,87,87,92,93). In cases of bone metastasis, pain manifests in the affected bone area (29,37,48,52,53,63,69,75,80,94,95), in cases of skeletal muscle involvement, a mass can be palpated in the affected area (34,49,71,72,79), and when metastasis occurs deep in the bone marrow, anemia may be present (96). Furthermore, when GIST metastasizes to the lungs, signs and symptoms that may be observed include dyspnea, blood in the sputum, coughing and shortness of breath (18,85,88,97).…”