Skeleton of a Late Glacial Elk associated with Barbed Points from Poulton-le-Fylde, Lancashire

Barnes, Brian M.; Edwards, Bill; Hallam, J. S.; Stuart, Anthony J.

doi:10.1038/232488a0

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The greater effective range of an atlatl dart frees the hunter somewhat from terrain constraints, and stalking in a more open environment is possible. (Although harpoon heads and barbed points are generally thought to represent fishing and marine hunting tools [see Andersen 1971;Julien 1982], the association of two barbed points with an adult male moose skeleton at Poulton-le-Fylde [Barnes et al 1971] shows that they were at least occasionally used for terrestrial hunting.) The atlatl as used by recent hunters in terrestrial hunting is directed at small-to-medium sized animals.…”

Section: Modern Hunter-gatherersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the larger antler harpoon heads and barbed points of the European Magdalenian and Azilian represent the efforts of terrestrial hunters to improve the killing power of their atlatl darts. (Although harpoon heads and barbed points are generally thought to represent fishing and marine hunting tools [see Andersen 1971;Julien 1982], the association of two barbed points with an adult male moose skeleton at Poulton-le-Fylde [Barnes et al 1971] shows that they were at least occasionally used for terrestrial hunting.) Detachable, barbed harpoon heads will work their way deeper into a fleeing animal because of its muscular contractions.…”

Section: Modern Hunter-gatherersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weapon Technology, Prey Size Selection, and Hunting Methods in Modern Hunter‐Gatherers: Implications for Hunting in the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic

Churchill¹

1993

Archaeological Papers of the American

162

140

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The ethnographic and ethnohistoric literature on a global sample of 96 recent hunting peoples was surveyed to explore the relationships between weapons, prey body-size, and terrestrial hunting techniques. Findings include: (1) an association between the use of hand-delivered spears, large-bodied prey, and hunting techniques dependent on physiographic features and specific terrain types; (2) less dependence on terrain features in hunting with atlatl-propelled darts, and; (3) use of the bow and arrow without regard to prey size or terrain features. Findings also suggest that technologically aided hunting of medium-to-large game before the development of long-distance projectile weaponry involved a narrow range of strategies and limitations of prey choice. The effective exploitation of a wide range of terrestrial mammals characteristic of modern humans occurred after the advent of efficient projectile weapons.

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Section: Modern Hunter-gatherersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modern Hunter-gatherersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weapon Technology, Prey Size Selection, and Hunting Methods in Modern Hunter‐Gatherers: Implications for Hunting in the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic

Churchill¹

1993

Archaeological Papers of the American

162

140

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“…NC crows are the only nonhuman species known to craft hooks in the wild (1). The invention of the hook was one of the key technological advances in our own evolutionary history in the middle stone age, allowing us to develop productive fishing technologies and weapons with enhanced killing power (2)(3)(4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Of crows and tools

Klump

2019

Science

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Barbara Klump received her master's degree from Heidelberg University, Germany, and a Ph.D. from the University of St Andrews, UK. After completing a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of St Andrews, she moved to the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior in Radolfzell , Germany, where she is currently a postdoc in the Cognitive and Cultural Ecology Lab. Her research explores how a species's ecology shapes its behavioral repertoire.

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“…Palaeolithic uniserial barbed points was recently discovered in lacustrine detritus muds at High Furlong, near Blackpool, Lancashire(Barnes, Edwards, Hallam & Stuart, 1971 …”

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confidence: 99%

Pleistocene History of the British Vertebrate Fauna

Stuart¹

1974

Biological Reviews

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SUMMARY This review covers the Pleistocene history of British non‐marine Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia and especially Mammalia, which alone have a good fossil record. Aves are also briefly discussed. The fossil material available is often inadequate for purposes of taxonomy and identification. Further problems arise because many groups of Mammalia have undergone rapid evolution during the Pleistocene. In this paper the fossil record is related to the currently accepted stratigraphic table of the British Pleistocene (Shotton & West, 1969). Wherever possible, fossil records have been assigned to pollen assemblage zones. Throughout, emphasis is placed on the relationship between faunal history and vegetational history, as determined from fossil pollen and macroscopic plant remains. Although fossils are relatively scarce in the fluviatile and lacustrine deposits of open sites, compared with the often rich cave assemblages, the stratigraphy of the former is usually much clearer and the sediments commonly contain pollen. It is difficult to correlate cave sequences with those of open sites. It is important to take into account possible bias in a fossil assemblage according to its mode of accumulation, e.g. assemblages from occupation sites may represent only those animals which were hunted by man. Lower Pleistocene vertebrates are rather poorly‐known. The majority of fossils are from the marine Crags of East Anglia (Pre‐Ludhamian to Pastonian) and a single cave assemblage of this age is known (Dove Holes). Few records can be related to particular stages, but a few finds from Easton Bavents are assigned to Antian and Baventian stages. Early Middle Pleistocene vertebrates are represented mainly by the rich assemblages from the marine and fresh‐water Weybourne Crag and Cromer Forest Bed Series (Baventian to Early Anglian) of Norfolk and Suffolk. The East Runton fauna appears to be of pre‐Cromerian (?Pastonian) age. A good fauna is known from the type Cromerian deposits at West Runton (zone Cr 11). A few records are available for zone ?Cr III and one for the Early Anglian. The assemblages from other localities appear to represent more than one stage at each site, e.g. the so‐called ‘Bacton Forest Bed’ fauna is composite, including both Cromerian and ?Pastonian taxa. Outside East Anglia one open site (Sugworth) and one cave fauna (Westbury) of probable Cromerian age are known. Many of the fossils found in lacustrine and river‐terrace deposits of the Middle and Upper Pleistocene glacial‐interglacial succession (Anglian to present day) can be assigned to particular stages, zones or even subzones. Cave assemblages rarely predate the Ipswichian. No pre‐Devensian records are available for either Scotland or Ireland. The Anglian fauna is very poorly known. The Hoxnian is represented principally by the Clacton (zone Ho IIb) and Swanscombe faunas. The Baker's Hole deposit, the basal gravels of the Summertown‐Radley Terrace and the Glutton and Bear Strata in Tornewton Cave have yielded faunas of probable Wolstonian age. The early Ipsw...

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Skeleton of a Late Glacial Elk associated with Barbed Points from Poulton-le-Fylde, Lancashire

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Weapon Technology, Prey Size Selection, and Hunting Methods in Modern Hunter‐Gatherers: Implications for Hunting in the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic

Weapon Technology, Prey Size Selection, and Hunting Methods in Modern Hunter‐Gatherers: Implications for Hunting in the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic

Of crows and tools

Pleistocene History of the British Vertebrate Fauna

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