Skin Aging and Photoaging Alter Fatty Acids Composition, Including 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic Acid, in the Epidermis of Human Skin

Kim, Sang Hyun; Kim, Minkyoung; Jin, Xing-Ji; Oh, Jang‐Hee; Kim, Ji Eun; Chung, Jin Ho

doi:10.3346/jkms.2010.25.6.980

Cited by 85 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Kim et al [32] reported that the composition of FAs is changed in aged skin and the synthesis of FAs is decreased in UV-irradiated skin [33], which are opposite outcomes compared to ours, suggesting that there may be specific pathways for glycation-induced upregulation of the FA metabolism.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

The Effect of Glycation on Epidermal Lipid Content, Its Metabolism and Change in Barrier Function

Yokota¹,

Tokudome²

2016

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aims: Advanced glycation end products, which are linked to both aging and hyperglycemia, cause marked functional and structural alterations in human skin. Though it is well known that the metabolism of glucose is closely associated with that of fatty acid (FA), sharing the same energy-yielding reaction pathways as glucose, its effect on the epidermis has been unclear so far. Methods: Content of ceramides, cholesterol and FA in a reconstructed epidermal model glycated by glyoxal was analyzed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. FA species extracted from HaCaT keratinocytes was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Regulation of FA synthesis was analyzed by real-time PCR. For physiological analysis, excised mouse skin was glycated using a vertical diffusion cell and used for the evaluation of barrier function by transepidermal water loss measurement and observation of penetration of sodium fluorescein. Results: Saturated FA content was significantly increased in glycated epidermis, and glycation upregulated mRNA expression of FA elongases 2 and 3 and FA synthase in HaCaT cells. Further, both inside-out and outside-in barriers were disrupted in glycated excised skin. Conclusion: Biological and physical change in the epidermis, especially upregulation of FA synthesis by glycation, contributed to barrier disruption, and inhibiting glycation may offer an effective treatment option for aged or glycated skin.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

The Effect of Glycation on Epidermal Lipid Content, Its Metabolism and Change in Barrier Function

Yokota¹,

Tokudome²

2016

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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“…Moreover, aged epidermis exhibits a decreased rate of transepidermal water loss, abnormal cytokine/growth factor signaling and a reduction in epidermal lipid synthesis [18,32]. Interestingly, the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid was found to be increased in photoaged human epidermis and also after UV irradiation, whereas a decrease was found in intrinsically aged human epidermis [33]. A deficiency of IL-1 signaling in murine aged epidermis, which may contribute to epidermal barrier abnormality, has been reported by Ye et al [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Age and Body Site on Adult Female Skin Surface pH

et al. 2012

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Background: pH is known as an important parameter in epidermal barrier function and homeostasis. Aim: The impact of age and body site on skin surface pH (pH_SS) of women was evaluated in vivo. Methods: Time domain dual lifetime referencing with luminescent sensor foils was used for pH_SS measurements. pH_SS was measured on the forehead, the temple, and the volar forearm of adult females (n = 97, 52.87 ± 18.58 years, 20–97 years). Every single measurement contained 2,500 pH values due to the luminescence imaging technique used. Results: pH_SS slightly increases with age on all three investigated body sites. There are no significant differences in pH_SS between the three investigated body sites. Conclusion: Adult pH_SS on the forehead, the temple and the volar forearm increases slightly with age. This knowledge is crucial for adapting medical skin care products.

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“…Its structure is maintained by several enzymes; matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) secreted by fibroblasts degrade collagen, while MMP activity is inhibited by tissue inhibitor of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). During the aging process, MMP expression gradually increases and TIMP expression decreases, promoting collagen degradation and reducing skin elasticity (7,8). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyropia yezoensis peptide promotes collagen synthesis by activating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in the human dermal fibroblast cell line Hs27

Kim

Lee

et al. 2016

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Pyropia yezoensis (P. yezoensis) is a marine algae that exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and anti-aging activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of the P. yezoensis peptide, PYP1-5, on collagen synthesis in the human dermal fibroblast cell line Hs27. Skin aging is related to reduced collagen production and the activities of multiple enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade collagen structure in the dermis, and tissue inhibitor of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which inhibit the action of MMPs. While collagen synthesis is associated with a number of signaling pathways, we examined the increased collagen synthesis via the upregulation of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway. Using MTS assay, we found that PYP1-5 did not affect cell viability. Moreover, we confirmed that PYP1-5 increased type 1 collagen expression using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot analysis and quantitative PCR. In addition, we identified changes in various enzymes, as well as the mechanisms behind the PYP1-5-induced collagen synthesis. PYP1-5 decreased the MMP-1 protein and mRNA levels, and increased the TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 protein and mRNA levels. In addition, PYP1-5 activated the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, which increased TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 expression, while inhibiting Smad7, an inhibitor of the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Furthermore, PYP1-5 upregulated transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1) expression, which is reportedly involved in type 1 collagen expression. These findings indicate that PYP1-5 activates the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, which subsequently induces collagen synthesis in Hs27 cells.

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Skin Aging and Photoaging Alter Fatty Acids Composition, Including 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic Acid, in the Epidermis of Human Skin

Cited by 85 publications

References 13 publications

The Effect of Glycation on Epidermal Lipid Content, Its Metabolism and Change in Barrier Function

The Effect of Glycation on Epidermal Lipid Content, Its Metabolism and Change in Barrier Function

Impact of Age and Body Site on Adult Female Skin Surface pH

Pyropia yezoensis peptide promotes collagen synthesis by activating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in the human dermal fibroblast cell line Hs27

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