Skin and soft tissue infections caused by community‐associated methicillin‐resistant <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> among children in China

Geng, Wenjing; Yang, Yonghong; Wang, C; Deng, Li; Zheng, Yaojie; Shen, Xuzhuang

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01645.x

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Interestingly, two spa -t002 MRSA strains in our study corresponded to ST764, but not frequent ST5 in other studies [32]. spa -t437 strains, which were closely associated with community acquired skin and soft tissue infection [33], possessed a high prevalence in both MRSA and MSSA isolates, and all corresponded to ST59 in our study. This clone has been mainly reported in many Asian countries [34].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Distinct Geographic Locations in China: An Increasing Prevalence of spa-t030 and SCCmec Type III

et al. 2014

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Staphylococcus aureus belongs to one of the most common bacteria causing healthcare and community associated infections in China, but their molecular characterization has not been well studied. From May 2011 to June 2012, a total of 322 non-duplicate S. aureus isolates were consecutively collected from seven tertiary care hospitals in seven cities with distinct geographical locations in China, including 171 methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and 151 MRSA isolates. All isolates were characterized by spa typing. The presence of virulence genes was tested by PCR. MRSA were further characterized by SCCmec typing. Seventy four and 16 spa types were identified among 168 MSSA and 150 MRSA, respectively. One spa type t030 accounted for 80.1% of all MRSA isolates, which was higher than previously reported, while spa-t037 accounted for only 4.0% of all MRSA isolates. The first six spa types (t309, t189, t034, t377, t078 and t091) accounted for about one third of all MSSA isolates. 121 of 151 MRSA isolates (80.1%) were identified as SCCmec type III. pvl gene was found in 32 MSSA (18.7%) and 5 MRSA (3.3%) isolates, with ST22-MSSA-t309 as the most commonly identified strain. Compared with non-epidemic MRSA clones, epidemic MRSA clones (corresponding to ST239) exhibited a lower susceptibility to rifampin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, a higher prevalence of sea gene and a lower prevalence of seb, sec, seg, sei and tst genes. The increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant spa-t030 MRSA represents a major public health problem in China.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Distinct Geographic Locations in China: An Increasing Prevalence of spa-t030 and SCCmec Type III

et al. 2014

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“…Contamination with MRSA ST9-t899 in foods may be attributable to cross-contamination during slaughtering or food processing. MRSA isolates from handmade foods (RTE foods and dumplings) overlapped in molecular type (MRSA ST59-t437 and MRSA ST88) with isolates recovered from human in China Geng et al, 2010), and are most likely of human origin. Contamination may originate from poor hygiene of workers during food preparation, since there are plenty of opportunities for workers to have direct contact with the foods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Molecular Typing of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Retail Foods in Shaanxi, China

Wang

Xia

et al. 2014

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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The aims of this study were to evaluate the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in retail foods in Shaanxi, China and to investigate antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of these strains. A total of 1979 retail food samples were randomly collected during 2008-2012 from supermarkets and farmers markets and screened for S. aureus, and then S. aureus isolates were further examined to determine whether they were MRSA. MRSA isolates were further characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility test, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, multilocus sequence typing, and SCCmec typing, and were examined for genes encoding enterotoxins, exfoliative toxins, Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl), and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Among all the samples examined, four (1.4%) raw milk samples, six (2.3%) chicken samples, one (0.6%) pork sample, three (0.6%) ready-to-eat food samples, and three (2.5%) dumpling samples were positive for MRSA. No MRSA isolates were recovered from infant foods. A total of 23 MRSA isolates were recovered from the 17 MRSA-positive samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that, among these MRSA isolates, resistance was most frequently observed to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, and clindamycin (each 100%), followed by erythromycin (95.7%) and clarithromycin (87.0%). The commonly detected toxin genes were pvl, seg, seb, sed, followed by see, sec, and sei. Seven spa types (t189, t377, t437, t899, t10793, t5762, and a new spa type) and three SCCmec types (II, IVb, and V) were identified. More than half (52.2%) of the MRSA isolates belonged to ST9, followed by ST88, ST59, ST188, ST72, and ST630. Our findings indicate that MRSA in food could be from both animal and human origin. Although the prevalence is low, the presence of multidrug resistant and enterotoxigenic MRSA strains in foods poses a potential threat to consumers and emphasizes the need for better control of sources of contamination.

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“…Our previous study reported the molecular characteristics of MRSA related to skin infections and pneumonia in Chinese children . The present study was designed to investigate the incidence and general characteristics of invasive MRSA infections in Chinese children and was then focused on the clinical and molecular characteristics of invasive infections caused by CA‐MRSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital- and community-associated methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus: a 6-year surveillance study of invasive infections in Chinese children

et al. 2013

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Skin and soft tissue infections caused by community‐associated methicillin‐resistant staphylococcus aureus among children in China

Abstract: The most common disease of CA-MRSA SSTIs was impetigo, and PVL-positive abscess was associated with incision and drainage. ST59-MRSA-IV with t437 was the most prevalent clone, and the multiresistant rate was high in Chinese children.

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Distinct Geographic Locations in China: An Increasing Prevalence of spa-t030 and SCCmec Type III

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Distinct Geographic Locations in China: An Increasing Prevalence of spa-t030 and SCCmec Type III

Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Molecular Typing of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Retail Foods in Shaanxi, China

Hospital- and community-associated methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus: a 6-year surveillance study of invasive infections in Chinese children

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