Skin Barrier Responses to Moisturizers: Functional and Biochemical Changes

Preliminary safety estimate of cosmetic anti-age creams with chokeberry extract, using in vivo bioengineering techniques

“…As already has been said, there were no significant differences in transepidermal water loss measured as TEWL for the investigated samples, except UCO ( Figure 1C). This is in accordance with previously published results where also there were not significant changes in TEWL, a marker of skin barrier function (Buraczewska-Norin, 2012;Zhai and Maibach, 2002). The active ingredients of chokeberry extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity and slowing down the appearance of wrinkles and existing wrinkles alleviation, improving microcirculation and strengthens blood vessels.…”

Alp Rose stem cells, olive oil squalene and a natural alkyl polyglucoside emulsifier: Are they appropriate ingredients of skin moisturizers - in vivo efficacy on normal and sodium lauryl sulfate - irritated skin?

“…As irritants application is often accompanied by the increase of TEWL -a marker of skin barrier function and its structural changes -this measurement is commonly used in safety evaluation studies of cosmetic products 2,3,20 . Although, in our study, TEWL showed a falling trend, these results may be considered statistically significant only for the placebo cream F1p and the active sample F1a.…”

“…As, it is well-known that the short-term application of moisturizers may increase hydration of the skin [1][2][3] , EC measurements were conducted to investigate the potential of a long-term (21 days) use of the tested creams to hydrate the skin effectively. After 21 days of application, all tested active creams as well as the placebo sample F1p (although without significance) increased the skin hydration level compared to UC.…”

“…For the creams F1a6s and F1s, the obtained TEWL values could also be addressed to squalene and the carrier itself. After the application of the aforementioned samples, squalene may remain on the skin surface and due to the skin occlusion it may decrease TEWL or even penetrate the skin and influence its barrier recovery 3 . On the other hand, stabilized with a novel APG emulsifier, the carrier itself may contribute to the skin barrier recovery after the application on SLS-irritated skin as well, which has already been reported for vehicles based on this type of emulsifiers 24 .…”

“…In addition to moisturizing and preventing dryness, they may also influence the structure and barrier function of both healthy and diseased skin 1,2 . With long-term daily use, depending on their composition, moisturizers may either improve or deteriorate skin barrier function, and consequently increase penetration of ingredients in/through the skin and cause (further) skin dryness and irritation [1][2][3] . Therefore, with the appropriate formulation and ingredient selection it is possible to achieve the preferred effect of topical preparations on the structure and barrier function of healthy or diseased skin in terms of skin hydration, while also repairing the skin barrier and reducing the signs of its irritation.…”