2020
DOI: 10.1007/s40257-020-00551-x
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Skin Microbiome and its Interplay with the Environment

Abstract: Advances in sequencing, bioinformatics and analytics now allow the structure, function and interrelations of whole microbial communities to be studied in greater detail. Collaborative efforts and multidisciplinary studies, crossing the boundary between environmental and medical microbiology, have allowed specific environmental, animal and human microbiomes to be characterized. One of the main challenges for microbial ecology is to link the phylogenetic diversity of host-associated microbes to their functional … Show more

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Cited by 81 publications
(61 citation statements)
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References 40 publications
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“…An overly hygienic lifestyle prevents microbial stimulation and can cause an atopic Th2-skewed response. People living in non-urbanized environments (indigenous people and farming environments) are usually not characterized by inflammatory diseases [ 54 , 55 ]. The mechanism of the Western diet, or high-fat diet (HFD) relies on the resulting intestinal dysbiosis, leading to an increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes.…”
Section: Skin and Gut Microbiome Involvementsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An overly hygienic lifestyle prevents microbial stimulation and can cause an atopic Th2-skewed response. People living in non-urbanized environments (indigenous people and farming environments) are usually not characterized by inflammatory diseases [ 54 , 55 ]. The mechanism of the Western diet, or high-fat diet (HFD) relies on the resulting intestinal dysbiosis, leading to an increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes.…”
Section: Skin and Gut Microbiome Involvementsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even short-term skin contact with soil and plant materials leads to changes in the hand microbiome and an increase in the abundance of Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes [ 74 ]. On the other hand, city dwellers work mostly indoors and spend their time inside buildings [ 75 ]. The study by Hospodsky et al [ 67 ] found that the hand microbiome of Tanzanian women, working outdoors and having constant contact with soil and water, was dominated by the environmental bacteria of Rhodobacteraceae and Nocardioidaceae families.…”
Section: Living and Working Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Together with urbanization, the bacterial diversity of the skin decreases due to hygiene habits and Western lifestyles. Many skin commensals (e.g., S. epidermidis , Lactobacillus spp., Burkholderis spp., C. acnes ) are lost and replaced by Staphylococcus , Corynebacterium , Cutibacterium and Micrococcus [ 75 ].…”
Section: Living and Working Environmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Western skin microbiome has lost considerable diversity compared to indigenous skin [87] . The Western hygiene habits, including frequent use of skin cosmetics and detergents and associated removal of skin lipids, have led to a change in the skin microbiome.…”
Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning
confidence: 99%