Skin Performance in the Rollover Crashworthiness Analysis of Cutaway Bus

Seyedi, MohammadReza; Dolzyk, Grzegorz; Jung, Sungmoon; Wekezer, Jerry

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75390-4_10

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The ES-2re's half arm and portion of the upper torso ejected through the open window while HIII's forearm remained inside and less of the upper torso ejected throughout the open window. These results were consistent with findings of previous study by Seyedi et al 35 where they found that the upper body position especially the distance between the head and ground at the moment of impact can substantially influence the occupant responses. The AIS 3+ pelvis injury was very low (less than 1%) for both ATD types that resulted only from the impact between the pelvis and side wall.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Numerical assessment of occupant responses during the bus rollover test: A finite element parametric study

Seyedi

Jung

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Rollover crashes of buses are usually associated with multiple impacts that can result in complex interactions between passengers and a bus superstructure. Although there have been a few field data studies that provide some insights into occupant injuries (e.g. severity and distribution of injuries) during the real-world bus rollover crash, because they had used post-crash data, the occupant kinematics and injury mechanisms were not completely detailed in their results. Based on a literature review, available numerical and experimental studies on a bus rollover safety have mainly focused on structural integrity rather than considering occupant responses in their assessment. In addition, their results about occupant responses in bus rollover crashes show some discrepancies in terms of the estimated injury distribution, severity, and causes. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to provide a more detailed understanding of the occupant kinematics and associated injury risk during the ECE R66 tilt table bus rollover test using validated finite element (FE) models. The ECE R66 tilt table rollover was simulated using a full finite element model of the bus. A 50th percentile male Hybrid III Anthropomorphic test device (ATD) and EuroSID-2re FE models were selected to simulate the occupant’s motion. Each ATD was seated adjacent to the impacted side wall and restrained with a 2-point seatbelt. Simulation parameters included two impact surface friction values and different side window conditions. The results indicated that both ATD estimated the highest injury risk when the partial ejection occurred. They predicted a similar injury risk for the head and thorax. The ES-2re estimated a very low risk of neck injury in all simulations, whereas the Hybrid III estimated the high risk of a neck injury. Finally, recommendations to potentially reduce the injuries were provided and possible future works were suggested.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Because differences in the passenger compartment size, seat height, and side window panel influence the occupant kinematics and impact conditions. 35,36 Therefore, a full numerical bus model will provide a more realistic simulation for the vehicle and occupant responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical assessment of occupant responses during the bus rollover test: A finite element parametric study

Seyedi

Jung

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…Furthermore, the porosity on the surface of the micro-composite is more than nanocomposite which attributed to the detachment of quartz. This is different for LNFs samples in which small filler particles (<1 µm in size) are distributed within the matrix and stick together properly by the polymeric resin.Ramezani et al investigate fracture of a restored tooth with finite element simulation and show pre-existing cracks is the main cause of failure in dental failures(Ramezani, Las Casas, Mattos, Manzoli, & Rodrigues, 2018) and needs further investigation with finite element simulations as studied in other fields(Khalkhali, Afroosheh, Seyedi, Professor, & Student, 2014;Seyedi, Dolzyk, Jung, & Wekezer, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of nanoparticles on surface characteristics of dental nanocomposite

et al. 2020

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Light-curable dental composites are, nowadays, the most frequently used restoratives as a replacement of lost hard dental tissues (Asmussen & Peutzfeldt, 1998). This is due to noticeable advantages of polymeric composites over amalgams, such as biocompatibility, handling, inexpensive and teeth colour, that are making them more appealing and widely used dental materials. A dental resin-composite is made of an organic matrix and filler system, in which the resin part consists of multifunctional methacrylate, a dimethacrylate diluent and a photo-initiating system, and dispersed fillers that can be modified to get improved and designed mechanical properties and wear resistance (Amirouche-Korichi, Mouzali, & Watts, 2009; Fugolin & Pfeifer, 2017). Based on dental composition, shrinkage of the restorative, residual stress and gap formation mainly relate to the organic matrix; however, mechanical and tribological properties are considerably depend on filler composition, content and shape (Feng, Suh, & Shortall, 2010; Lawson & Burgess, 2015). Lohbauer et al. investigated the strength and fatigue performance of three types of dental restoratives as flowable, aesthetic hybrid and nanofilled hybrid composites validating highly dependence of elastic modulus and fatigue life on filler content, specifically for flowable resins as compared with others (Lohbauer, Frankenberger, Krämer, & Petschelt, 2006). Filler shape influence on elastic modulus, fracture toughness and bending strength was investigated by Kim et al. showing all properties increased with elastic modulus having a higher rate based on the content of the spherical filler (Kim, Park, Imai, & Kishi, 1994). Similar results showed that increasing fillers improve mechanical properties like wear resistance, fatigue resistance and flexural strength that are essential for the long durability of restorative materials (Htang, Ohsawa, & Matsumoto, 1995). Increasing the wear resistance of restorative resins is an important parameter, which increases their lifespan. Occlusal interactions are the main cause of wear, and material loss in dental restoratives, which if not controlled, could impair masticatory function, and impose possible decline of systemic health (Miura et al., 2000; Watts,

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