Skipping breakfast: Gender effects on resting heart rate measures in preadolescents

Pivik, R.T.; Dykman, Roscoe A.; Tennal, K.B.; Gu, Yuyuan

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.06.001

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Even exposure to food-related cues elicits a similar response (Nederkoorn et al, 2000), suggesting a physiological response to the anticipation of a meal. Conversely, missing a meal (i.e., fasting) appears to have its own coordinated effects on HRV (Pivik et al, 2006), supporting the recommendation that participants consume a light meal approximately 2 h before the assessment of HRV (Tak et al, 2009). Water consumption has also been shown to increase HF-HRV in particular (Routledge et al, 2002), due to the vagal buffering response to the pressor effect provoked by hypo-osmotic fluids (Scott et al, 2001).…”

Section: Caveats and Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Considerations in the assessment of heart rate variability in biobehavioral research

2014

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Heart rate variability (HRV) refers to various methods of assessing the beat-to-beat variation in the heart over time, in order to draw inference on the outflow of the autonomic nervous system. Easy access to measuring HRV has led to a plethora of studies within emotion science and psychology assessing autonomic regulation, but significant caveats exist due to the complicated nature of HRV. Firstly, both breathing and blood pressure regulation have their own relationship to social, emotional, and cognitive experiments – if this is the case are we observing heart rate (HR) changes as a consequence of breathing changes? Secondly, experiments often have poor internal and external controls. In this review we highlight the interrelationships between HR and respiration, as well as presenting recommendations for researchers to use when collecting data for HRV assessment. Namely, we highlight the superior utility of within-subjects designs along with the importance of establishing an appropriate baseline and monitoring respiration.

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Section: Caveats and Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Considerations in the assessment of heart rate variability in biobehavioral research

2014

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“…Reports on these autonomic responses are not always in agreement, for example, it has been claimed that women show higher [49] and lower [48] parasympathetic effects, and lower sympathetic activity [47], and that men have higher parasympathetic activity [46]. Overnight fasting has been suggested to be associated with an increase in parasympathetic activity that is counteracted by eating breakfast [50]. The response has been reported to differ in that men show greater parasympathetic activity than women [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overnight fasting has been suggested to be associated with an increase in parasympathetic activity that is counteracted by eating breakfast [50]. The response has been reported to differ in that men show greater parasympathetic activity than women [50]. Thus, it appears that there are also gender-related differences in the haemodynamic responses to postprandial changes in hormone levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of endogenously released glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, ghrelin on cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume, and blood pressure

Hlebowicz

Lindstedt

Björgell

et al. 2011

Cardiovasc Ultrasound

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BackgroundIngestion of a meal increases the blood flow to the gastrointestinal organs and affects the heart rate (HR), blood pressure and cardiac output (CO), although the mechanisms are not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endogenously released glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), ghrelin on CO, HR, stroke volume (SV), and blood pressure.MethodsEleven healthy men and twelve healthy women ((mean ± SEM) aged: 26 ± 0.2 y; body mass index: 21.8 ± 0.1 kg/m2)) were included in this study. The CO, HR, SV, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, antral area, gastric emptying rate, and glucose, insulin, GLP-1 and ghrelin levels were measured.ResultsThe CO and SV at 30 min were significantly higher, and the diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower, than the fasting in both men and women (P < 0.05). In men, significant correlations were found between GLP-1 level at 30 min and SV at 30 min (P = 0.015, r = 0.946), and between ghrelin levels and HR (P = 0.013, r = 0.951) at 110 min. Significant correlations were also found between the change in glucose level at 30 min and the change in systolic blood pressure (P = 0.021, r = -0.681), and the change in SV (P = 0.008, r = -0.748) relative to the fasting in men. The insulin 0-30 min AUC was significantly correlated to the CO 0-30 min AUC (P = 0.002, r = 0.814) in men. Significant correlations were also found between the 0-120 min ghrelin and HR AUCs (P = 0.007, r = 0.966) in men. No statistically significant correlations were seen in women.ConclusionsPhysiological changes in the levels of glucose, insulin, GLP-1 and ghrelin may influence the activity of the heart and the blood pressure. There may also be gender-related differences in the haemodynamic responses to postprandial changes in hormone levels. The results of this study show that subjects should not eat immediately prior to, or during, the evaluation of cardiovascular interventions as postprandial affects may affect the results, leading to erroneous interpretation of the cardiovascular effects of the primary intervention.Trial registration numberNCT01027507

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“…segments [18]. This indicates that FFT results are unstable in 3-min analysis segments in food intake condition, although both experiments were conducted by the same researchers using the same protocol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between Fast Fourier Transform and Autoregressive Model on Analysis of Autonomic Nervous Function after Food Intake in Women

Okita¹,

Kouda²,

Nakamura³

2016

Health

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Purpose: Heart rate variability (HRV) is acknowledged as a useful tool to estimate autonomic function. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and autoregressive model (AR) are used for power spectral analysis of HRV. However, there is little evidence of agreement between FFT and AR in relation to HRV following food intake in females. In the present study, we applied both FFT and AR after food intake during the follicular and luteal phases, and compared raw low-frequency (LF) and highfrequency (HF) powers, and LF/HF ratio obtained with the two power-spectral analytical methods. Methods: All subjects participated in two sessions: follicular phase session and luteal phase session. In each session, R-R intervals were continuously recorded before and after meals, and power spectral analysis of heart rate variability was performed. We analyzed low-frequency power (LF: 0.04-0.15 Hz) and high-frequency power (HF: 0.15-0.40 Hz) by using FFT and AR. LF and HF power were computed for each 30 sec, 1 min, 2.5 min, and 5 min of the 5-min R-R data before meal intake and at 20, 40, 60 and 80 min after meal intake. The LF/HF ratio was calculated as an index of sympathovagal balance. Results: In the present study, after 30 sec and 1 min of segment analysis, there was little interchangeability between AR and FFT in LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio in both follicular and luteal phases. In 2.5 min or 5 min of segment analysis, there was interchangeability between FFT and AR in LF and HF, but not in the LF/HF ratio in both follicular and luteal phases. Additionally, FFT underestimated HRV compared with AR, and the extent of underestimation increased with increasing AR value. Conclusion: FFT underestimated HRV compared with AR, and FFT correlated poorly with AR when the analysis segment was shortened.

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Skipping breakfast: Gender effects on resting heart rate measures in preadolescents

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Considerations in the assessment of heart rate variability in biobehavioral research

Considerations in the assessment of heart rate variability in biobehavioral research

The effect of endogenously released glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, ghrelin on cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume, and blood pressure

Comparison between Fast Fourier Transform and Autoregressive Model on Analysis of Autonomic Nervous Function after Food Intake in Women

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