Skipping breakfast is associated with lower diet quality in young US children

Ramsay, Samantha; Bloch, Tama D.; Marriage, Barbara J.; Shriver, Lenka H.; Spees, Colleen; Taylor, Christopher A.

doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0084-3

Cited by 58 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The association between skipping breakfast and adiposity is contentious, [40] however there is evidence that children who skip breakfast tend to have poorer diet quality. [41] Our findings showed an increase between survey years in the prevalence of a high junk food intake, but only among Aboriginal children. While we did not measure food insecurity, it has been identified as a leading health issue in Aboriginal communities and is associated with consuming foods of poor quality because they are the lowest cost options.…”

Section: Addressing the Health Inequality Gap Between Aboriginal And mentioning

confidence: 43%

Potential influence of school-based lifestyle strategies among Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children: a cross-sectional comparison of adiposity and weight related behaviours between 2010 and 2015

Hardy

Macniven

Esgin

et al. 2019

Preprint

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2 and non-Aboriginal children: a cross-sectional comparison of adiposity and weight 3 related behaviours between 2010 and 2015. 4 5 Abstract 21Background In New South Wales (Australia) there has been substantial long term 22 investment in school-based child obesity prevention programs. Whether these 23 programs have led to population level improvements in children's adiposity and 24 weight-related behaviours in Aboriginal children, who are at greater risk of poorer 25 health outcomes, is yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to describe 26 changes in adiposity and weight-related behaviours of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal 27 children and to examine the equality of changes between the two groups. 28 Methods Representative cross-sectional population surveys conducted in 2010 and 29 2015 among children age 5-16 years (n=15,613), stratified by Aboriginality. 30 Indicators of weight-related behaviour (diet, physical activity, school travel, screen-31 time) were measured by questionnaire with parents responding for children age <10 32 years and self-report by children age >10 years. Objective measurements included 33 height, weight, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness, and fundamental 34 movement skills. 35 Results Adiposity prevalences were significantly higher in 2015, than 2010 among 36 non-Aboriginal children only, however adiposity prevalences were consistently higher 37 among Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal children. There were positive changes 38 towards adopting healthier weight-related behaviours in all children between 39 surveys, which were consistently significant among non-Aboriginal, but not 40 Aboriginal, children. The magnitude of changes and the 2015 prevalences in weight-41 related behaviours were generally similar for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children, 42 however positive changes in fruit consumption and locomotor skills were significantly 43 larger among Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal children. The prevalence of being 44 driven to school in 2015 was significantly higher than 2010 for both groups.3 45 Conclusions Overall, there are signs that Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children 46 are shifting towards healthier weight-related behaviours. However, many unhealthy 47 weight-related behaviours remain highly prevalent. Our findings may have utility for 48 the direction of future health policy and service delivery to Aboriginal and non-49 Aboriginal children and the development of health promotion programs to build on 50 these improvements in health behaviours. 51 52 53 Since 2002 there has been substantial investment in New South Wales (NSW) 54 Australia to reduce child obesity through a succession of state plans, policies, and 55 programs to support the healthy development of children from 0-18 years.[1-3] The 56 NSW government strategy was to encourage and support opportunities for the 57 community to be healthy through the delivery of evidence-based, interactive, and 58 relevant programs. Within the education sector, child obesity prevention has been 59 addressed through...

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Section: Addressing the Health Inequality Gap Between Aboriginal And mentioning

confidence: 43%

Potential influence of school-based lifestyle strategies among Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children: a cross-sectional comparison of adiposity and weight related behaviours between 2010 and 2015

Hardy

Macniven

Esgin

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…From the 33 included articles, only 3 articles (9.1%) were longitudinal versus 90.9% of the studies ( n = 30), which were cross-sectional. From the 33 included studies, 17 were performed in representative samples of the correspondent population [ 16 , 28 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. Table 3 shows details of the articles, which included the impact of breakfast consumption on micronutrients intake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 3 shows details of the articles, which included the impact of breakfast consumption on micronutrients intake. The studies were conducted between 1981–2018 in the following countries: United States (US) ( n = 11) [ 30 , 41 , 44 , 49 , 51 , 52 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ], United Kingdom (UK) ( n = 5) [ 3 , 29 , 47 , 60 , 61 ], Canada ( n = 3) [ 42 , 43 , 54 ], Spain ( n = 2) [ 62 , 63 ], Australia ( n = 3) [ 45 , 46 , 53 ], México ( n = 1) [ 28 ], Ireland ( n = 1) [ 64 ], Belgium ( n = 1) [ 65 ], Cyprus ( n = 1) [ 66 ], France ( n = 1) [ 50 ], Malaysia ( n = 1) [ 67 ], Japan ( n = 1) [ 68 ], and 3 were combined European countries [ 16 , 48 , 66 ]. Data came from three sources: most of them were national health studies (60.6%) [ 3 , 28 , 30 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of the studies have been differentiated according to the age of the participants, ranging from 2–12 years for children, and from 13–18 years for adolescents. Included studies were performed in children 39.3% ( n = 13) [ 28 , 29 , 47 , 49 , 51 , 52 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 62 , 63 , 66 , 67 ], 12.1% ( n = 4) adolescents [ 16 , 48 , 64 , 65 ], and both children and adolescents 48.4% ( n = 16) [ 3 , 30 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 50 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 68 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breakfast Characteristics and Its Association with Daily Micronutrients Intake in Children and Adolescents–A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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Breakfast is an important source of key nutrients in the diet. For this reason, the aim of this review was to investigate the associations between breakfast consumption and daily micronutrients intake in both children and adolescents (aged 2–18 years). A peer-reviewed systematic search was conducted in three datasets (PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library) in February 2020 in English and Spanish. Two independent reviewers evaluated 3188 studies considering the AXIS critical appraisal and PRISMA methodologies. Meta-analysis was carried out comparing results according to type of breakfast consumed (Ready to eat cereals (RTEC) breakfast or other types of breakfast) and breakfast skipping. Thirty-three articles were included in the systematic review (SR) and 7 in the meta-analysis. In the SR, we observed that those children and adolescents who usually consume RTEC at breakfast had a higher consumption of B-vitamins than those not consuming RTEC at breakfast. Breakfast consumers had a higher mineral intake (iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and iodine) than breakfast skippers. In the Meta-Analysis, RTEC consumers had significantly higher vitamin C intake than breakfast skippers (SMD, −4.12; 95% confidence intervals (CI): −5.09, −3.16). Furthermore, those children who usually consume breakfast had significantly higher daily intake of calcium than breakfast skippers (SMD, −7.03; 95%CI: −9.02, −5.04). Our review proposes that breakfast consumption seems to be associated with higher daily micronutrients intake than breakfast skippers.

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“…Therefore, not eating breakfast everyday may not be a favorable health behavior in terms of cognitive functioning or for performance in academic classes but yet may yield negative energy balances for weight loss. Youth seeking to lose weight should be properly educated on the benefits and limitations of breakfast consumption and how consuming breakfast may facilitate consumption of a healthy diet (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Balance-Related Factors Associating with Adolescent Weight Loss Intent: Evidence from the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey

Burns¹

2019

Preprint

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Background: The purpose of this study was to examine specific energy balance-related behaviors (sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and dietary) associating with adolescent weight loss intent using data from the 2017 US Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that employeda multi-stage cluster sampling procedure to obtain a representative sample of US adolescents. The target population consisted of public and private high schoolers from grades 9 through 12. The number of sampled adolescents was 18,324 with 14,765 of the 18,324 sampled students (Mean age = 15.9 (1.3) years) submitting questionnaires with usable data (81% response rate). The outcome was intent to lose weight with specific energy-balance related behaviors examined as predictor variables. A weighted logistic regression model was employed to examine the associations between sedentary behaviors, physical activity, and dietary-related variables with weight loss intent controlling for age, sex, BMI percentile, and race/ethnicity. Results: Variables associating with adolescent intent to lose weight included 3 or more hours of video game playing (OR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.01-1.31, p =0.028), achieving 60 minutes of physical activity daily (OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.59-0.73, p <0.001), daily breakfast consumption (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0.87, p <0.001) and weekly salad consumption (OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.12-1.52, p =0.001). Conclusions: Meeting physical activity guidelines and regular breakfast consumption associated with lower odds of weight loss intent and video game playing and salad consumption associated with higher odds of weight loss intent in a representative sample of US adolescents.Therefore, there is a discordance between adolescent weight loss intent and the engagement in specific energy balance-related health behaviors, particularly physical activity.

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Skipping breakfast is associated with lower diet quality in young US children

Abstract: Children who skipped breakfast presented poorer overall diet quality and lower total intakes commonly obtained at breakfast. To address missed opportunities, nutrition professionals should encourage children's consumption of a nutritious breakfast to support overall diet quality.

Cited by 58 publications

References 25 publications

Potential influence of school-based lifestyle strategies among Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children: a cross-sectional comparison of adiposity and weight related behaviours between 2010 and 2015

Potential influence of school-based lifestyle strategies among Australian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children: a cross-sectional comparison of adiposity and weight related behaviours between 2010 and 2015

Breakfast Characteristics and Its Association with Daily Micronutrients Intake in Children and Adolescents–A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Energy Balance-Related Factors Associating with Adolescent Weight Loss Intent: Evidence from the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey

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