Skrining Tuberkulosis (Tb) Paru

Abstract

AFB positive detection cases increase in 2011 until 2013 at Sukoharjo District, but TB CDR is still below national and local targets. Nguter PHC has highest CDR among other subdistrict, that is 84.6% in 2012 and 68.9% in 2013. The objective of this study is screening pulmonary TB patients in Nguter PHC region. Target population screening was ≥ 15 years who often contact with AFB positive patients who in of September 2013 to 2014 period. We did screening by interview about clinical symptom and sputum examination. Diagnostic test are distribution and combination of clinical symptoms, microscopic examination of sputum in Nguter PHC, and cross check sputum to BBKPM Surakarta. The analysis are find the value of p, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and Kappa value. We get 160 respondents. Results of microscopic examination of sputum find 15 people (9,38%) were AFB positive and prevalence is 9.38%. Clinical symptoms that have highest sensitivity is cough for 2-3 weeks or more (100%). Kappa value for the cross check is 80% (good deal) with an error rate of 6.67 rate . The screening helps capture suspected pulmonary TB much more (national target 5-15%). It is recommended that training on the management of TB laboratory analyst officers in all PHC so the value of the agreement (kappa) with BBKPM can be increased and the error rate can be decreased.

Relationship Between Clean Water Sources, Waste Management, and Availability of Healthy Latrines with the Incidence of Pulmonary TB in Marginal Community

“…On the other hand, if waste management is not managed properly or poorly then disease vectors will develop very easily and the risk of diarrhea is very high. [13] . Environmental factors and house conditions are also one of the factors causing the spread of TB patients consist of house that has a healthy toilet, clean water facilities, rubbish dumps, waste water disposal facilities, good ventilation, appropriate housing density and house floors that are not made of dirt.…”

Perilaku Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (Ctps) Dan Pemanfaatan Jamban Pada Penderita Hepatitis a Di Desa Terbis Kecamatan Panggul Kabupaten Trenggalek Tahun 2020

“…Sesuai teori John Gordon yang dikemukakan pada tahun 1950 suatu penyakit dapat timbul karena terjadi ketidakseimbangan antara penyebab penyakit dengan host (Bustan, 2006 (Kemenkes RI, 2012). Penelitian Sari et al, (2018) mengatakan bahwa penduduk yang tidak berperilaku CTPS berisiko 1,9% menderita penyakit hepatitis A dibandingkan dengan mereka yang sudah berperilaku CTPS, demikian pula menurut penelitian Rahmah & Indriani (2014) tidak mencuci tangan dengan sabun berhubungan dengan kejadian hepatitis A.…”

“…Jika tangan tidak dicuci menggunakan sabun sebelum makan atau sebelum mengolah makan atau sesudah buang air besar, maka virus tersebut dapat masuk ke dalam tubuh baik melalui makanan atau minuman. Hal ini dikarenakan virus dapat bertahan selama beberapa jam pada ujung jari dan tangan dalam keadaan kering, terlebih jika tidak terbiasa mencuci tangan pakai sabun sehingga mencemari makanan atau minuman hingga tertelan (Rahmah & Indriani, 2014) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden mempunyai perilaku pemanfaatan jamban dengan kategori cukup sebanyak 32 responden (62,7%), sedangkan responden yang menggambarkan perilaku pemanfaatan jamban kategori baik sebanyak 19 responden (37,3%).…”