2011
DOI: 10.1002/icd.685
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Sleep and infant learning

Abstract: Human neonates spend the majority of their time sleeping. Despite the limited waking hours available for environmental exploration, the first few months of life are a time of rapid learning about the environment. The organization of neonate sleep differs qualitatively from adult sleep, and the unique characteristics of neonatal sleep may promote learning. Sleep contributes to infant learning in multiple ways. First, sleep facilitates neural maturation, thereby preparing infants to process and explore the envir… Show more

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Cited by 69 publications
(43 citation statements)
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References 84 publications
(95 reference statements)
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“…Infants experience 'quiet sleep' (characterised by regular respiration in the absence of rapid eye movement (non-REM) and gross muscle movements) and 'active sleep' (characterised by variable respiration alongside the presence of REM) [4]. Within the first three months postpartum, over 50% of infant sleep time is spent in an active sleep state [5,6] compared to 15-20% of adult sleep [7]. Infants experience a greater proportion of active sleep than adults as a consequence of the rapid brain development that occurs during the first year of life [8][9][10].…”
Section: Sleeping Through the Nightmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Infants experience 'quiet sleep' (characterised by regular respiration in the absence of rapid eye movement (non-REM) and gross muscle movements) and 'active sleep' (characterised by variable respiration alongside the presence of REM) [4]. Within the first three months postpartum, over 50% of infant sleep time is spent in an active sleep state [5,6] compared to 15-20% of adult sleep [7]. Infants experience a greater proportion of active sleep than adults as a consequence of the rapid brain development that occurs during the first year of life [8][9][10].…”
Section: Sleeping Through the Nightmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the trace alternant seen only in neonates from 0 to 2 weeks was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001), at 95% confidence level (Z-test). [16,17] The continuity increased gradually from 0 to 2 weeks to 12 months, and this difference of proportion is statistically significant (P = 0.0002). Majority of infants showed this pattern at 3 months of age, and thereafter, it remained constant throughout in successive visits [ Figure 4].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Future research is needed that systematically manipulates the duration of encoding as well as the length of the retention intervals, use of retrieval cues, and also examines whether infants' visual preference shifts from novelty, to null, to familiarity (Bahrick et al, 1997;Bahrick & Pickens, 1995;). Additional areas for future research include how sleep (e.g., within the 1-day retention interval) may allow infants to consolidate their memory (e.g., Born et al, 2006;Tarullo et al, 2011). Finally, future research is also needed that includes infants born to depressed mothers, or infants who have experienced emotional or physical abuse and/or neglect.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Equally plausible, and consistent with the insufficient encoding explanation, is the fact that because the geometric images used were highly similar, infants may not have fully encoded the image during familiarization thus affecting their subsequent memory (see Flom & Pick, 2012;Flom & Whiteley, 2014 for similar examples). Another and related possibility, also speculative, is that the 1-day delay allows infants to consolidate their memory through sleep (Born, Rasch, & Gais, 2006;Tarullo, Baslam, & Fifer, 2011).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%