Sleep apnoea and metabolic dysfunction

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition often associated with central obesity. In the past few years, several studies have analysed the potential independent contribution of OSA to the pathogenesis of metabolic abnormalities, including type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. New perspectives in OSA patient care have been opened by the promotion of lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise programmes that could improve both OSA and the metabolic profile. The rich clinical literature on this subject, together with the growing amount of data on pathophysiological mechanisms provided by animal studies using the chronic intermittent hypoxia model, urged the organising Committee of the Sleep and Breathing meeting to organise a session on sleep apnoea and metabolic dysfunction, in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. This review summarises the state-of-the-art lectures presented in the session, more specifically the relationship between OSA and diabetes, the role of OSA in the metabolic consequences of obesity, and the effects of lifestyle interventions on nocturnal respiratory disturbances and the metabolic profile in OSA patients. @ERSpublications Treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases through diet and exercise should be part of OSA management besides CPAP

Combating the dual burden: therapeutic targeting of common pathways in obesity and type 2 diabetes

“…Obstructive sleep apnoea is a highly prevalent condition often associated with central obesity, which could contribute to worsen insulin resistance and lead to impaired glucose tolerance and T2DM 27 . Improvement of sleep apnoea with weight reduction can also improve insulin sensitivity and glucose profile.…”

Association between severity of obstructive sleep apnea and glycated hemoglobin level in Japanese individuals with and without diabetes

“…, Yoshifumi Saisho 1) , Koichi Fukunaga 2) , Mizuha Haraguchi 2) , Wakako Yamasawa 2) , Isao Kurihara 1) , Tomoko Betsuyaku 2) and Hiroshi Itoh 1) OBESITY is associated with both type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) [1][2][3]. It has been reported that approximately 25-80% of patients with T2DM are complicated by OSA, while approximately 15-30% of patients with OSA are complicated by T2DM [1][2][3].…”

“…It has been reported that approximately 25-80% of patients with T2DM are complicated by OSA, while approximately 15-30% of patients with OSA are complicated by T2DM [1][2][3]. OSA is a treatable chronic sleep disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of complete (apnea) ted hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in Japanese individuals with and without T2DM.…”

Diabetes, sleep apnea, obesity and cardiovascular disease: Why not address them together?

“…The growing prevalence of obesity and the increasing population body mass index has created major public health challenges [11] . Obstructive sleep apnea has been independently linked with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, cardiac disease, worsening of diabetes, insulin resistance, peri-operative and postoperative complications and coronary artery disease (CAD), to name the few [12][13][14][15][16] .…”