Sleep Behaviors and Disorders in Children and Adolescents Evaluated at Psychiatric Clinics

Simonds, John F.; Párraga, Humberto C.

doi:10.1097/00004703-198402000-00002

Cited by 84 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…22 Nightmares may occur when anxiety exceeds a threshold level 57 ; and several studies have suggested that trait anxiety may be related to the frequency of parasomnias. [58][59][60][61] However, even after controlling for pre-existing anxiety problems, our results showed that being bullied may increase the risk for parasomnias.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…71 Fourthly, it is also possible that the findings could have been attributable to the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder in the children. 60 However, examination of the cohort revealed that only 1 of the children was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder by 12 years of age and this individual did not report any bullying experiences, thus ruling this out as an explanation for the results of this study. Finally, sleep duration was not measured across childhood in our sample and may be a potential unmeasured mediator between being bullied and parasomnias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Bullying and Parasomnias: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Wolke

Lereya

2014

Pediatrics

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Environmental factors such as serious trauma or abuse and related stress can lead to nightmares or night terrors. Being bullied can be very distressing for children, and victims display long-term social, psychological, and health consequences. Unknown is whether being bullied by peers may increase the risk for experiencing parasomnias such as nightmares, night terrors, or sleepwalking. METHODS: A total of 6796 children of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort were interviewed at elementary school age (8 and 10 years) about bullying experiences with a previously validated bullying interview and at secondary school age (12.9 years) about parasomnias such as nightmares, night terrors and sleepwalking by trained postgraduate psychologists. RESULTS: Even after adjusting for pre-existing factors related to bullying and parasomnias, being bullied predicted having nightmares (8 years odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.44; 10 years OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.35–1.94) or night terrors (8 years OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.10–1.75; 10 years OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.18–1.98) at age 12 to 13 years. Especially being a chronic victim was associated with both nightmares (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.46–2.27) and night terrors (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.48–2.74). Being a bully/victim also increased the risk for any parasomnia at ages 8 or 10 years (8 years OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08–1.88; 10 years OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.30–2.36). In contrast, bullies had no increased risk for any parasomnias. CONCLUSIONS: Being bullied increases the risk for having parasomnias. Hence, parents, teachers, school counselors, and clinicians may consider asking about bullying experiences if a child is having parasomnias.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Bullying and Parasomnias: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Wolke

Lereya

2014

Pediatrics

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“…Sleep disorders are common in early childhood and tend to persist during preschool years. The persistence of early childhood sleep disorders in this age group might re f l e c t c h ronic medical conditions as well as the pre s e n c e of environmental, family and behavioral pro blems [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][20][21][22][23][24][25] . However, data regarding sleep problems in childhood and particularly in pre s c h o o l children are scarce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disorders and starting time to school impair balance in 5-year-old children

Moran

Carvalho

Prado

et al. 2005

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Objective: To verify if sleep disorders and differents starting time to school have impaire d motor skills in 5-year-old children. Method: Cross-sectional design consisting of 132 children with sleep disorders and 136 normal controls of the public school in the city of São Paulo. The group with sleep diso rders was identified based on a questionnaire, and motor tests for global motor coordination, fine motor coordination, perceptual-motor coordination, and static and dynamic balance were applied in all childre n . Results: In the static balance test, more specifically in the sharpened Romberg (Tandem) test, 34% of boys from the study group, who studied in the morning, failed the test (p < 0.05). In the single leg stance test, 62% of boys from the study group who studied in the morning failed (p< 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that sleep disorders may interact with the school period and alter motor performance, especially in boys studying in the morning.KEY WORDS: sleep disorders, preschool children, motor performance, balance, cronobiology.Distúrbios do sono, período escolar e equilíbrio em crianças com 5 anos de idade RESUMO -Objetivo: Verificar se distúrbios do sono e diferentes períodos escolares comprometem as habilidades motoras de crianças de 5 anos. Método: Realizou-se estudo transversal com 132 crianças com distúrbio do sono e 136 controles normais de escolas públicas da cidade de São Paulo. Foram utilizados questionários para distúrbios do sono e testes para coordenação motora global, motora fina, percepto-motora, equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. Resultados: No teste de equilíbrio estático, mais especificamente na p rova pé ante pé, 34% dos meninos do grupo estudo, que estudavam no período da manhã, falharam no teste (p < 0,05). Na prova de apoio monopodal, 62% dos meninos do grupo estudo, que estudavam no período da manhã, falharam no teste (p < 0,05). Conclusão: Este estudo sugere que os distúrbios do sono podem interagir com o período escolar e alterar a performance motora, principalmente de meninos que estudam no período da manhã.PA L AV R A S -C H AVE: distúrbios do sono, crianças pré-escolares, perf o rmance motora, equilíbrio, cro n ob i o l o g i a .

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“…A community survey [7] of 987 parents of elementary schoolaged children reported the following problems related to sleep behaviors: Bedtime resistance (27%), difficulty with morning wakening (17%), complaints of fatigue (17%), delayed sleep onset (11%), and night time wakening's (7%). Rates are even higher in studies examining clinical child populations, with restless sleep (43%) and night waking (47%) affecting a substantial number of children [8]. Despite the relatively high prevalence rates and potentially negative outcomes of disturbed sleep, adequate assessment of sleep problems is rarely conducted in primary care settings [9].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%