Sleep Patterns and Predictors of Disturbed Sleep in a Large Population of College Students

Lund, Hannah G.; Reider, Brian D.; Whiting, Annie B.; Prichard, J. Roxanne

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.06.016

Cited by 1,441 publications

(1,396 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The mean subjective sleep duration reported by our participants in the seven days preceding the testing session was 7.15 hours (SD = 1.10; range = 3.50-9.25 hours). This duration is similar to the usual sleep length reported by college students in western populations (e.g., Lund et al, 2010).…”

Section: Participantssupporting

confidence: 84%

Conjoint influence of mind-wandering and sleepiness on task performance.

Stawarczyk¹,

D’Argembeau²

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Recent research suggests that sleepiness and mind-wandering-the experience of thoughts that are both stimulus-independent and task-unrelated-frequently co-occur and are both associated with poorer cognitive functioning. Whether these two phenomena have distinguishable effects on task performance remains unknown, however. To investigate this question, we employed the online experience sampling of mind-wandering episodes and subjective sleepiness during a laboratory task (the Sustained Attention to Response Task; SART), and also assessed mind-wandering frequency and sleep-related disturbances in daily life using self-report questionnaires. The results revealed that the tendency to experience mind-wandering episodes during the SART and daily life was associated with higher levels of daytime sleepiness and sleep-related disturbances. Importantly, however, mind-wandering and sleepiness were independent predictors of SART performance at both the within-and between-individuals levels. These findings demonstrate that, although mind-wandering and sleepiness frequently co-occur, these two phenomena have distinguishable and additive effects on task performance.

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Section: Participantssupporting

confidence: 84%

Conjoint influence of mind-wandering and sleepiness on task performance.

Stawarczyk¹,

D’Argembeau²

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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“…Because of the restricted age groups studied in this student population and different definitions used in other studies, it is hard to make direct comparisons. Nevertheless it appears that this prevalence is lower than those reported in high-income countries [27], but is similar to SSD levels reported for adolescents and students in middle- and lower-income countries [6]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Regional contextual influences on short sleep duration: a 50 universities population-based multilevel study in China

Yang

Peng

Barnett

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

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Background: Ecological models have emphasized that short sleep duration (SSD) is influenced by both individual and environmental variables. However, few studies have considered the latter. Objectives: The present study explores the influence of urban and regional contextual factors, net of individual characteristics, on the prevalence of SSD among university students in China. Methods: Participants were 11,954 students, who were identified through a multistage survey sampling process conducted in 50 universities. Individual data were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire, and contextual variables were retrieved from a national database. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine urban and regional variations in high and moderate levels of SSD. Results: Overall the prevalence of high SSD (<6 hours sleep duration) was 2.8% (95% CI: 1.7%,3.9%) and moderate SSD (<7 hours) 24.7% (95% CI: 19.5%, 29.8%). Multilevel logistic regressions confirmed that home region gross domestic product (GDP) and the university regional unemployment rate were associated with SSD, net of other individual- and city-level covariates. Students attending high-level universities also recorded the highest levels of SSD. Of the individual characteristcs, only mother’s occupation and student mental health status were related to SSD. Conclusions: The results of this study add important insights about the role of contextual factors affecting SSD among young adults and indicate the need to take into account both past, as well as present, environmental influences to control SSD.

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“…Further, consistent with findings from adult studies, greater perceived stress was associated with both poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration (Kashani et al, 2012;Lund et al, 2010). Interestingly, perceived stress accounted for substantially more variance in sleep quality than sleep duration, suggesting that the quality, not the quantity of youth's sleep is more susceptible to the adverse effects of perceived stress.…”

Section: Pre-conditions Of Mediationsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Experimental findings based on animal studies show that chronic stress exposure results in adverse sleep architecture changes, including decreased slow-wave sleep, decreased REM sleep latency, and increased REM sleep (Adrien et al, 1991;Cheeta et al, 1997). In adults, greater report of perceived stress over the past month was associated with poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration (Kashani et al, 2012;Lund et al, 2010). In youth, cross-sectional findings show that greater exposure to stressful life events over the past year adversely affects both subjectively-reported and objectively-measured sleep.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor sleep as a pathophysiological pathway underlying the association between stressful experiences and the diurnal cortisol profile among children and adolescents

McGrath

Gouin

2015

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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SummaryRecent evidence suggests that poor sleep is a potential pathway underlying the association between stressful experiences and the diurnal cortisol profile. However, existing findings are largely limited to adults. The present study examines whether poor sleep (duration, quality) mediates the relation between stressful experiences and the diurnal cortisol profile in children and adolescents. Children and adolescents (N = 220, M age = 12.62) provided six saliva samples over two days to derive cortisol indices (bedtime, AUC AG , AUC TG , slope MAX ). Perceived stress, stressful life events, self-reported sleep duration, and sleep quality were measured. Using bootstrapping analyses, sleep quality mediated the relation between perceived stress and AUC TG (R2 = 0.10, F(7, 212) = 3.55, p = .001; 95% BCI[0.09, 1.15]), as well as the relation between stressful life events and AUC TG (R2 = 0.11, F(7, 212) = 3.69, p = .001; 95% BCI[0.40, 3.82]).These mediation models remained significant after adjusting for sleep duration, suggesting that poor sleep quality underlies the association between stressful experiences and the diurnal cortisol profile in children and adolescents. Longitudinal data combined with objectively-measured sleep is essential to further disentangle the complex association between sleep and stress. KeywordsSleep; Cortisol; Stressful life events; Perceived stress; Child; Adolescent Stress is known to alter cortisol secretion. Exposure to acute laboratory-induced stressors elicits transient increases in cortisol level (Dickerson and Kemeny, 2004). Naturally occurring stressful experiences, including perceived stress and stressful life events, have also been associated with a disrupted diurnal cortisol profile. Adults who report greater perceived stress (i.e., nonspecific, subjective appraised stress, Cohen et al., 1995) CIHR Author ManuscriptCIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript awakening response, total cortisol level, and flatter diurnal slopes (Miller et al., 2007;Pruessner et al., 1999;Schulz et al., 1998). Greater stressful life events (e.g., unemployment, divorce) are associated with higher morning and evening cortisol levels and flatter diurnal slopes (Miller et al., 2007). Similar findings have been established in both children and adolescents (hereafter referred to as "youth" for parsimony). Youth who report greater stressful life events (e.g., family conflict, academic stress) have a higher cortisol awakening response and elevated afternoon cortisol levels than their less stressed counterparts (Gustafsson et al., 2010;Wolf et al., 2008). While there is convincing evidence that stressful experiences disrupt the diurnal cortisol profile, the potential pathways underlying this association remain unclear.Sleep is one plausible pathway by which stressful experiences disrupt the diurnal cortisol profile. The sleep-wake cycle has a close, temporal association with diurnal cortisol secretion. Nocturnal sleep onset reliably exerts an inhibitory effect on cortisol secretion (Van Cauter et al.,...

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Sleep Patterns and Predictors of Disturbed Sleep in a Large Population of College Students

Cited by 1,441 publications

References 31 publications

Conjoint influence of mind-wandering and sleepiness on task performance.

Conjoint influence of mind-wandering and sleepiness on task performance.

Regional contextual influences on short sleep duration: a 50 universities population-based multilevel study in China

Poor sleep as a pathophysiological pathway underlying the association between stressful experiences and the diurnal cortisol profile among children and adolescents

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