Sleep Restriction Effects on BP: Systematic Review &amp; Meta-analysis of RCTs

Huang, Shan; Jing, Songbo; Gao, Yixuan

doi:10.1177/0193945919868143

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Autonomic function is associated, at least in part, with HR and BP (43), and may explain the association between insufficient sleep and cardiac activity. Finally, future studies should be conducted with comparison groups and fewer study procedures unrelated to cardiac activity measurement (e.g., blood draws) to better ascertain the effects of sleep restriction on HR and BP (21).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery Sleep After Sleep Restriction Is Insufficient to Return Elevated Daytime Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure to Baseline Levels

Reichenberger¹,

Ness

Strayer

et al. 2023

Psychosom Med

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Objective: Sleep restriction alters daytime cardiac activity, including elevating heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). There is minimal research on the cumulative effects of sleep loss and the response after subsequent recovery sleep on HR and BP. This study examined patterns of HR and BP across baseline, sleep restriction, and recovery conditions using multiple daytime cardiac measurements. Methods: Participants (15 healthy men, mean [standard deviation] = 22.3 [2.8] years) completed an 11-day inpatient protocol with three nights of 10 hours/night baseline sleep opportunity, five sleep restriction nights (5-hour/night sleep opportunity), and two recovery nights (10-hour/night sleep opportunity). Resting HR and BP were measured every 2 hours during wake. Multilevel models with random effects for individuals examined daytime HR and BP across study conditions and days into the study. Results: Mean daytime HR was 1.2 (0.5) beats/min lower during sleep restriction compared with baseline ( p < .001). During recovery, HR was 5.5 (1.0) beats/min higher ( p < .001), and systolic BP (SBP) was 2.9 (1.1) mm Hg higher ( p = .009). When accounting for days into the study (irrespective of condition) and measurement timing across the day, HR increased by 7.6 beats/min and SBP increased by 3.4 mm Hg across the study period ( p < .001). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that daytime HR and SBP increase after successive nights of sleep restriction, even after accounting for measurement time of day. HR and SBP did not recover to baseline levels after two recovery nights of sleep, suggesting that longer recovery sleep may be necessary to recover from multiple, consecutive nights of moderate sleep restriction.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar study found that systolic BP (SBP), but not HR, remained elevated during recovery after more than a week of sleep restricted to 4 hours/ night (20). Conversely, other studies have not found consistent changes in HR or BP after sleep restriction (15,16,21,22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Recovery Sleep After Sleep Restriction Is Insufficient to Return Elevated Daytime Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure to Baseline Levels

Reichenberger¹,

Ness

Strayer

et al. 2023

Psychosom Med

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“…[9][10][11] However, most of the studies investigating BP changes during prolonged exposure to partial sleep deprivation (namely sleep restriction)-an experimental model that mimics the low-grade cumulative sleep loss experienced in real life-have reported more ambiguous findings, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] yielding, in aggregate, no evidence that sleep restriction raises BP. 18 It is relevant that in nearly all studies, BP assessment was limited to only resting BP readings, and samples were often restricted to men. 12,14,15 With this study, we sought to evaluate the effects of experimentally induced prolonged sleep restriction on 24-hour ambulatory BP in healthy young adults.…”

Section: Covassin Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Ambulatory and Sleep Blood Pressure in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study

et al. 2021

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Although insufficient sleep is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, evidence of a causal relationship is lacking. We investigated the effects of prolonged sleep restriction on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and other cardiovascular measures in 20 healthy young participants (aged 23.4±4.8 years, 9 females), who underwent a randomized, controlled, crossover, 16-day inpatient study consisting of 4 days of acclimation, 9 days of sleep restriction (4 hours of sleep/night) or control sleep (9 hours), and 3 days of recovery. Subjects consumed a weight maintenance diet with controlled nutrient composition throughout. A 24-hour BP (primary outcome) and cardiovascular biomarkers were measured repeatedly. Polysomnographic monitoring was continuous. Comparing sleep restriction versus control sleep, 24-hour mean BP was higher (adjusted mean difference, day 12: 2.1 mm Hg [95% CI, 0.6–3.6], corrected P =0.016), endothelial function was attenuated ( P <0.001), and plasma norepinephrine increased ( P =0.011). Despite increased deep sleep, BP was elevated while asleep during sleep restriction and recovery. Post hoc analysis revealed that 24-hour BP, wakefulness, and sleep BP increased during experimental and recovery phases of sleep restriction only in women, in whom 24-hour and sleep systolic BP increased by 8.0 (5.1–10.8) and 11.3 (5.9–16.7) mm Hg, respectively (both P <0.001). Shortened sleep causes persistent elevation in 24-hour and sleep-time BP. Pressor effects are evident despite closely controlled food intake and weight, suggesting that they are primarily driven by the shortened sleep duration. BP increases are especially striking and sustained in women, possibly suggesting lack of adaptation to sleep loss and thus greater vulnerability to its adverse cardiovascular effects.

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“…There is considerable evidence that associations exist between sleep and health status [1][2][3][4][5]. Most notably, strong and consistent associations have been observed between short sleep durations (generally defined as 6 h or less) and various diseases and adverse health outcomes, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity, or their correlates [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of the Associations between Nutritional Composition, Social Jet Lag and Temporal Sleep Variability in Young Adults

et al. 2023

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While dietary intake has previously been related to various indices of poor sleep (e.g., short sleep duration, poor sleep quality), to date, few studies have examined chrononutrition from the perspectives of the relationship between dietary intake and social jet lag and temporal sleep variability. Moreover, recently it has been suggested that previous methods of measuring social jet lag have the potential to lead to large overestimations. Together, this precludes a clear understanding of the role of nutritional composition in the pathophysiology of poor sleep, via social jet lag and temporal sleep variability, or vice versa. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationships between nutrient intake and social jet lag (using a revised index, taking account of intention to sleep and sleep onset and offset difficulties), and temporal sleep variability. Using a cross-sectional survey, 657 healthy participants (mean age 26.7 ± 6.1 years), without sleep disorders, were recruited via an online platform and completed measures of weekly dietary intake, social jet lag, temporal sleep variability, stress/sleep reactivity and mood. Results showed limited associations between nutritional composition and social jet lag. However, levels of temporal sleep variability were predicted by consumption of polyunsaturated fats, sodium, chloride and total energy intake. The results suggest further examinations of specific nutrients are warranted in a first step to tailoring interventions to manage diet and temporal variabilities in sleep patterns.

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Sleep Restriction Effects on BP: Systematic Review & Meta-analysis of RCTs

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

Recovery Sleep After Sleep Restriction Is Insufficient to Return Elevated Daytime Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure to Baseline Levels

Recovery Sleep After Sleep Restriction Is Insufficient to Return Elevated Daytime Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure to Baseline Levels

Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Ambulatory and Sleep Blood Pressure in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study

An Examination of the Associations between Nutritional Composition, Social Jet Lag and Temporal Sleep Variability in Young Adults

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