Slot-die-coating operability windows for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell cathode catalyst layers

Design of PEM water electrolysers with low iridium loading

“…54 One note is that blade coating has often resulted in higher loadings than spray coating (see Refs. [55][56][57] ) due to the higher solid content (>5 wt% 36 ) traditionally used in the inks.…”

“…The R2R process is where a flexible substrate is unwound, coated with a continuous liquid film, dried and then re-wound, which dramatically curtails material and labour costs at industrial scales. 36,58 Slot die coating, gravure coating, and screen printing are blade coating techniques that use a continuous ink supply and thus are suitable for R2R production. Slot die coating uses two independent metal components to form a slit where the catalyst ink gets injected.…”

Prominent processing techniques to manipulate semiconducting polymer microstructures

“…173 For additional theoretical and practical information, readers are advised to further refer to a very comprehensive study that discusses not only the operating limits of slot-die coating, with its advantages and disadvantages, but also the various solutions which are proposed to mitigate the latter. 199 This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2023 Slot-die coating found utility in many applications, including OFETs, [200][201][202][203] OLEDs, 204 capacitors 205 and more recently polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells 206 and actuators, 207 where the fabrication of assembled/crystalline and/or aligned films was necessary. But, because this coating technique is highly scalable with respect to the R2R processes, it became more frequently utilized in the world of OPVs, as these applications require modules of large-area active polymer films of controlled molecular arrangements.…”

“…Slot-die coating found utility in many applications, including OFETs, 200–203 OLEDs, 204 capacitors 205 and more recently polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells 206 and actuators, 207 where the fabrication of assembled/crystalline and/or aligned films was necessary. But, because this coating technique is highly scalable with respect to the R2R processes, it became more frequently utilized in the world of OPVs, as these applications require modules of large-area active polymer films of controlled molecular arrangements.…”

Manufacturing catalyst-coated membranes by ultrasonic spray deposition for PEMFC: Identification of key parameters and their impact on PEMFC performance

“…Nowadays, there are a large number of commercial coating methods for the manufacturing of MEAs based on different materials, such as screen and inkjet printing methods, doctor blade coating method, gravure method, roll-to-roll method, slot-die method, spray-, electrospray-, gun spray-, and ultrasonic spray-coating devices [7,8,[32][33][34][35][36][37][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”