Slovene commercial diplomacy in the Western Balkan countries

Abstract

The aim of the article is to present activities of Slovene commercial diplomacy in the Western Balkan markets. The result of the analysis proves that Slovene commercial diplomacy in the Western Balkan markets followed enterprise preferences. Thus, in the first decade of transition (1991–2000) commercial diplomacy focused only on ex-Yugoslav markets, while non-ex-YU (Western Balkan) markets became interesting only after the year 2000. The article argues that this can be explained by the reactiveness (instead of proactiveness) of Slovene enterprises, which stems from the Slovene national character.

“Discovering” normative power as a state strategy in the framework of security, foreign, and defense policy: the case of Japan

“…The latter was on the most basic level defined as the ability to attract others so that they want what you want. In other words, it is the ability to get what you want through attraction rather than coercion or payment (Nye 2004;Rothman 2011;Udovič 2011). Soft power, as acknowledged by Nye's later works, should be understood as an empirical (positive/descriptive) rather than theoretical concept.…”

An Exploration of Commercial Diplomacy as a Set of Facilities to Support International Business to and from Emergent Markets

“…Numerous publications deal with home country resources such as the institutional organization (Coolsaet, 2004;Garten, 1997;Hillman & Keim, 1995;Muller, 2002;Naray, 2011;Ozdem, 2009;Potter, 2004;Rana, 2007;Sethi et al, 2002;Sherman & Eliasson, 2006Sridharan, 2002;Udovic, 2011;Wu, Li, & Samsell, 2012), the nation's political position (Lee & Hudson, 2004;Li & Samsell, 2009;Morrow, Siverson, & Tabares, 1998;Sridharan, 2002;Van Bergeijk, 1992) and its country's image (Muller, 2002;Yang, Shin, Lee, & Wrigley, 2008) as determinant factors in the development of commercial diplomacy.…”

“…A considerable shift in policy is needed to implement commercial diplomacy (Coolsaet, 2004;Lee, 2004;Muller, 2002;Saner et al, 2000;Udovic, 2011;Wu et al, 2012), and the existence of bilateral or multilateral trade agreements is more a rule than an exception (Rana, 2007;Van Bergeijk, 1992).…”

“…So far, studies on commercial diplomacy have only scratched the surface of issues in international businessÀgovernment relations with connotations on their organization (Naray, 2011), the interplay between the national policy on commercial diplomacy and enterprise preferences (Udovic, 2011) and the role of globalization in the formulation of a national policy on commercial diplomacy (Potter, 2004). In order to understand the role of the international businessÀgovernment relationship in commercial diplomacy, further investigation is needed in terms of expectation management between representatives from both business and government.…”

Der Kulturtransfer und die Lesekultur in Laibach (Ljubljana) Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts

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