Slow Activity in Focal Epilepsy During Sleep and Wakefulness

Pellegrino, Giovanni; Tombini, Mario; Curcio, Giuseppe; Campana, Chiara; Pino, Giovanni Di; Assenza, Giovanni; Tomasevic, L.; Lazzaro, Vincenzo Di

doi:10.1177/1550059416652055

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Advanced EEG analyses demonstrate that delta activity of the UH results from an interhemispheric communication breakdown of electrical signals between the two hemispheres and that this might, in turn, interfere with the UH contribution to recovery, i.e., plasticity processes (Graziadio et al, 2012; Assenza et al, 2013b). Patients with focal epilepsy show an increase in delta activity during daytime and sleepiness, but its biological meaning is uncertain (Pellegrino et al, 2017). …”

Section: Spontaneous and Task-related Oscillatory Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory Activities in Neurological Disorders of Elderly: Biomarkers to Target for Neuromodulation

Assenza

Capone

Biase

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been under investigation as adjunct treatment of various neurological disorders with variable success. One challenge is the limited knowledge on what would be effective neuronal targets for an intervention, combined with limited knowledge on the neuronal mechanisms of NIBS. Motivated on the one hand by recent evidence that oscillatory activities in neural systems play a role in orchestrating brain functions and dysfunctions, in particular those of neurological disorders specific of elderly patients, and on the other hand that NIBS techniques may be used to interact with these brain oscillations in a controlled way, we here explore the potential of modulating brain oscillations as an effective strategy for clinical NIBS interventions. We first review the evidence for abnormal oscillatory profiles to be associated with a range of neurological disorders of elderly (e.g., Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), stroke, epilepsy), and for these signals of abnormal network activity to normalize with treatment, and/or to be predictive of disease progression or recovery. We then ask the question to what extent existing NIBS protocols have been tailored to interact with these oscillations and possibly associated dysfunctions. Our review shows that, despite evidence for both reliable neurophysiological markers of specific oscillatory dis-functionalities in neurological disorders and NIBS protocols potentially able to interact with them, there are few applications of NIBS aiming to explore clinical outcomes of this interaction. Our review article aims to point out oscillatory markers of neurological, which are also suitable targets for modification by NIBS, in order to facilitate in future studies the matching of technical application to clinical targets.

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Section: Spontaneous and Task-related Oscillatory Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillatory Activities in Neurological Disorders of Elderly: Biomarkers to Target for Neuromodulation

Assenza

Capone

Biase

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Second, our source analysis revealed that, although theta is a signature generated over a large network covering multiple fronto-central-parietal regions, the activity mostly relevant to motor performance was generated in L dPMC. Previous studies demonstrated that theta can be generated locally, within the sensori-motor regions during the late stages of motor learning (Perfetti et al, 2011b ), in the fronto-parietal cortex for motor planning and on-line motor adjustments (Perfetti et al, 2011a ) and as signature of brain plasticity in both physiological and pathological conditions (Kirov et al, 2009 ; Hung et al, 2013 ; Assenza et al, 2015 ; Pellegrino et al, 2016c ; Tombini et al, 2012 ). As our task was explicitly designed to engage L dPMC, which is well known for its role in motor control, we could infer that this specific region generates theta waves to perform both motor re-evaluation and motor reprogramming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theta Activity in the Left Dorsal Premotor Cortex During Action Re-Evaluation and Motor Reprogramming

Pellegrino

Tomasevic

Herz

et al. 2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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The ability to rapidly adjust our actions to changes in the environment is a key function of human motor control. Previous work implicated the dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC) in the up-dating of action plans based on environmental cues. Here we used electroencephalography (EEG) to identify neural signatures of up-dating cue-action relationships in the dPMC and connected frontoparietal areas. Ten healthy subjects performed a pre-cued alternate choice task. Simple geometric shapes cued button presses with the right or left index finger. The shapes of the pre-cue and go-cue differed in two third of trials. In these incongruent trials, the go-cue prompted a re-evaluation of the pre-cued action plan, slowing response time relative to trials with identical cues. This re-evaluation selectively increased theta band activity without modifying activity in alpha and beta band. Source-based analysis revealed a widespread theta increase in dorsal and mesial frontoparietal areas, including dPMC, supplementary motor area (SMA), primary motor and posterior parietal cortices (PPC). Theta activity scaled positively with response slowing and increased more strongly when the pre-cue was invalid and required subjects to select the alternate response. Together, the results indicate that theta activity in dPMC and connected frontoparietal areas is involved in the re-adjustment of cue-induced action tendencies.

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“…Plasticity induction has been usually measured as changes of brain excitability [ 10 , 38 ]. However, previous studies have demonstrated that both noninvasive brain stimulation and cortical plasticity are also associated with changes of brain rhythms and synchronization [ 39 – 41 ]. Conversely, robust and consistent evidence suggests that also neurological conditions translate into changes of brain activity and synchronization [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, previous studies have demonstrated that both noninvasive brain stimulation and cortical plasticity are also associated with changes of brain rhythms and synchronization [ 39 – 41 ]. Conversely, robust and consistent evidence suggests that also neurological conditions translate into changes of brain activity and synchronization [ 41 ]. For instance, an impairment of cortical synchronization is often found at the first stages of neuropsychiatric conditions, up to the healthy subjects who own an increased risk [ 42 – 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Reshapes Resting-State Brain Networks: A Magnetoencephalography Assessment

et al. 2018

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can noninvasively induce brain plasticity, and it is potentially useful to treat patients affected by neurological conditions. However, little is known about tDCS effects on resting-state brain networks, which are largely involved in brain physiological functions and in diseases. In this randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind study on healthy subjects, we have assessed the effect of bilateral tDCS applied over the sensorimotor cortices on brain and network activity using a whole-head magnetoencephalography system. Bilateral tDCS, with the cathode (−) centered over C4 and the anode (+) centered over C3, reshapes brain networks in a nonfocal fashion. Compared to sham stimulation, tDCS reduces left frontal alpha, beta, and gamma power and increases global connectivity, especially in delta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequencies. The increase of connectivity is consistent across bands and widespread. These results shed new light on the effects of tDCS and may be of help in personalizing treatments in neurological disorders.

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Slow Activity in Focal Epilepsy During Sleep and Wakefulness

Abstract: Patients with focal epilepsy showed a pattern of power increases characterized by a selective slow wave activity enhancement over the epileptic regions during daytime and sleep. This phenomenon was stronger and asymmetric during the first sleep cycles.

Cited by 41 publications

References 53 publications

Oscillatory Activities in Neurological Disorders of Elderly: Biomarkers to Target for Neuromodulation

Oscillatory Activities in Neurological Disorders of Elderly: Biomarkers to Target for Neuromodulation

Theta Activity in the Left Dorsal Premotor Cortex During Action Re-Evaluation and Motor Reprogramming

Bilateral Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Reshapes Resting-State Brain Networks: A Magnetoencephalography Assessment

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