Slow pyrolysis of different PVC types in a bubbling fluidized bed: stabilizer effects

Saeed, Loay; Tohka, Antti; Haapala, Matti; Zevenhoven, Ron

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2004.03.002

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The refrigerator plastic contained metal pieces that were a consequence of inefficiencies in the separation of the different components of the shredded refrigeration units, but the polymers themselves most likely also contained metal fillers. Metal fillers in polymers have been shown to have a significant impact on the pyrolysis of plastics [23][24][25].…”

Section: Composition Of the Waste Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of products from the pyrolysis of plastics recovered from the commercial scale recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment

Hall

Williams

2007

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

104

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Three plastic fractions from a commercial waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) processing plant were collected and investigated for the possibility of recycling them by batch pyrolysis. The first plastic was from equipment containing cathode ray tubes (CRTs), the second plastic was from refrigeration equipment, and the third plastic was from mixed WEEE. Initially, the decomposition of each of the plastics was investigated using a TGA linked to a FT-ir spectrometer which showed that the CRT plastic decomposed to form aliphatic and aromatic compounds, the refrigerator plastic decomposed to form aldehydes, CO 2 , aromatic, and aliphatic compounds, and the mixed WEEE plastic decomposed to form aromatic and aliphatic compounds, CO 2 , and CO. Each plastic mixture was also pyrolysed in a batch reactor to determine the halogen and metal content of the pyrolysis products, additionally, characterisation of the pyrolysis oils was carried out by GC-MS and the pyrolysis gases by GC-FID and GC-TCD. It was found that the halogen content of the oils was relatively low but the halogen and metal content of the chars was high. The pyrolysis oils were found to contain valuable chemical products and the pyrolysis gases were mainly halogen free, making them suitable as a fuel.

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Section: Composition Of the Waste Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of products from the pyrolysis of plastics recovered from the commercial scale recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment

Hall

Williams

2007

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

104

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“…Addition of proper thermal stabilizers can restrain the degradation of PVC and these stabilizers include lead salts, organic tin, metal soaps, and rare earth stabilizers [6]. The primary function of thermal stabilizers is to react with HCl released from the polymer or to replace labile chlorine atoms in the PVC chains [7]. Lead salts are the most efficient stabilizers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on lanthanum-pentaerythritol alkoxide as a thermal stabilizer for rigid polyvinyl chloride

Xie

et al. 2015

J Vinyl Addit Technol

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Lanthanum‐pentaerythritol (La‐PE) alkoxide, a polyol‐based metal alkoxide, had been synthesized and used as a thermal stabilizer for polyvinylchloride (PVC). Thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTG), mass spectrum (MS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to confirm the synthesis reaction. The thermal stability of rigid PVC stabilized with La‐PE was tested by means of the Congo Red test, conductivity test, thermal aging test, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV‐visible (UV‐vis) spectroscopy. The results showed that addition of La‐PE could significantly prolong static stability time of PVC and increase the apparent activation energy for degradation reaction. The oven aging test showed that La‐PE could improve the initial color of PVC. Moreover, addition of La‐PE could significantly reduce the concentrations of the conjugated double bonds of PVC and reduce weight loss. The possible thermal stability mechanism had also been discussed. Besides having good ability to neutralize hydrochloric acid (HCl), La‐PE could substitute or inactivate the labile chlorine atoms in the PVC chains. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 23:55–61, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…The pyrolysis of real-world plastic wastes can differ from model polymers because the polymer might already be slightly degraded and will be contaminated with dirt from its working environment; also, it is difficult to grind mixed-plastic waste into a uniform feedstock composition. The fillers used in real-world plastic products can also have an effect on the pyrolysis of the polymer, meaning that individual plastic samples will decompose in a different manner. , Additionally, there has been little research into the pyrolysis of fire-retardant acrylonitrile−butadiene−styrene, which makes up a significant proportion of WEEE plastics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Pyrolysis of Halogenated Plastics Recovered from Waste Computers

Hall

Williams

2006

Energy Fuels

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The disposal of waste computers is an issue that is gaining increasing interest around the world. In this paper, results from the fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor of three different waste computer monitor casings composed of mainly acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer and two different waste computer body casings composed of mostly poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) type polymers are presented. Preliminary characterization of the waste plastics was investigated using coupled thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TGA-FT-IR). The results showed that the plastics decomposed in two stages. For the ABS-containing monitor casings, aromatic and aliphatic material were released in the first and second stages. The PVCcontaining computer body casing samples showed a first-stage evolution of HCl and a second stage evolution of aromatic and aliphatic material and further HCl. In addition, each of the five plastics was fast-pyrolyzed in a laboratory-scale fluidized bed reactor at 500 °C. The fluidized bed pyrolysis led to the conversion of most of the plastics to pyrolysis oil, although the two PVC computer body cases produced large quantities of HCl. The pyrolysis oils were characterized by GC-MS and it was found that they were chemically very heterogeneous and contained a wide range of aliphatic, aromatic, halogenated, oxygenated, and nitrogenated compounds.

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Slow pyrolysis of different PVC types in a bubbling fluidized bed: stabilizer effects

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Analysis of products from the pyrolysis of plastics recovered from the commercial scale recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment

Analysis of products from the pyrolysis of plastics recovered from the commercial scale recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment

Study on lanthanum-pentaerythritol alkoxide as a thermal stabilizer for rigid polyvinyl chloride

Fast Pyrolysis of Halogenated Plastics Recovered from Waste Computers

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