A correlation is developed for predicting in-situ (or true) liquid holdups for two-phase, gas-liquid slug flows in inclined pipes. The correlation is based on experimental data collected in pipes ranging from 2.54 to 7.94 cm in diameter with the air-water system used.The experimental data used to develop the correlation were collected at zero input liquid qualities, as previously discussed by Greskovich (1973), and extended over the entire range. These data revealed little diameter effect on holdup for diameters greater than 2.54 cm but a marked effect of angle of inclination. Predicted holdup values show good agreement with experimental data.
E. J. GRESKOVICH and W. T. COOPER
Department of Chemical EngineeringBucknell University Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837
SCOPEThe prediction of liquid holdup for two-phase, gasliquid slug flows in pipelines is a must for design engineers. Correlations, for example, based on the early work of Lockhart and Martinelli (1949) for horizontal flows have been extended to inclined flows, and predictions by Flannigan (1958) for the contribution of hills to overall line pressure drops have markedly added to the technology, but both leave a lot to be desired.The objective of the research reported here was to develop a holdup correlation for inclined two-phase flows using only operating parameters known a priori to the design engineer. The correlation was to be tested with data collected in pipes up to a diameter of 7.94 cm with the air-water system used. Rather than collect holdup data over the entire range of input liquid qualities, experimental data at zero input liquid qualities were obtained and extrapolated by using a new technique (Greskovich,
1973) based on the correlation of Guzhov et al. (1967).Once verified, the model and resulting correlation can be used for scale-up purposes.
CONCLUSIONS A N D SIGNIFICANCEIt has been shown that in-situ, or true, liquid holdups for inclined two-phase slug flows can be easily obtained over the range by experimentally measuring such holdups at zero input liquid qualities and then extrapolating the data based on Greskovich (1973). Experimental holdup data from a 7.94 cm diameter pipe were compared with data from smaller diameter pipes, and, based on the correlation of true liquid holdup against input liquid quality, by using mixture Froude number and angle of inclination as parameters, there appeared to be little direct effect of pipe diameter for pipes greater than 2.54 cm other than that taken into account by the mixture Froude number.