Small Business under the COVID-19 Crisis: Expected Short- and Medium-Run Effects of Anti-Contagion and Economic Policies

Kawaguchi, Kohei; Kodama, Naomi; Tanaka, Mari

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3634544

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This paper is also complementary to studies of various economic aspects of the COVID-19 shocks in Japan. They include Fukui et al (2020) on the impact of pandemic on job vacancy postings, Watanabe and Omori (2020) on consumption responses across sectors, Miyakawa et al (2020) on firm default, Kawata (2020) on occupational and spatial mismatch, Kawaguchi et al (2020) on uncertainty faced by small and medium-sized firms, and Okubo (2020) on implementation of telework across occupations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who suffers from the COVID-19 shocks? Labor market heterogeneity and welfare consequences in Japan

Kikuchi

Kitao

Mikoshiba

2021

Journal of the Japanese and International Economies

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of the COVID-19 shocks in the Japanese labor market vary across people of different age groups, genders, employment types, education levels, occupations, and industries. We document heterogeneous changes in employment and earnings in response to the COVID-19 shocks, observed in various data sources during the initial months after onset of the pandemic in Japan. We then feed these shocks into a life-cycle model of heterogeneous agents to quantify welfare consequences of the COVID-19 shocks. In each dimension of the heterogeneity, the shocks are amplified for those who earned less prior to the crisis. Contingent workers are hit harder than regular workers, younger workers than older workers, females than males, and workers engaged in social and non-flexible jobs than those in ordinary and flexible jobs. The most severely hurt by the COVID-19 shocks has been a group of female, contingent, low-skilled workers, engaged in social and non-flexible jobs and without a spouse of a different group.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who suffers from the COVID-19 shocks? Labor market heterogeneity and welfare consequences in Japan

Kikuchi

Kitao

Mikoshiba

2021

Journal of the Japanese and International Economies

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on a survey of areas where the spread of COVID-19 infection was significant, Yamamoto et al (2020) show that actions of self-restraint based on the declaration of a state of emergency cause psychological distress. Kawaguchi et al (2020) use data from small and medium-sized Japanese enterprises to find that, in the short term, the state of emergency reduces both feasible and expected sales. Qian and Yahara (2020) conduct a survey under the state of emergency and find that accuracy, morality, and ideology are changing people's behavior and mental health in response to COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 with Stigma: Theory and Evidence from Mobility Data

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study conducts both theoretical and empirical analyses of how non-legally-binding COVID-19 policies affect people's going-out behavior. The theoretical analysis assumes that under a declared state of emergency, the individual going out suffers psychological costs arising from both the risk of infection and the stigma of going out. Our hypothesis states that under a declared state of emergency people refrain from going out because it entails a strong psychological cost. Then, this study estimates a model using regional mobility data and emergency declarations data to analyze self-restraint behavior under a non-legally binding emergency declaration. The results show that, compared with before the declaration of the state of emergency, going-out behavior was suppressed under the state of emergency and after it was lifted even when going out did not result in penalties, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis. Keywords COVID-19 • Stigma • Self-restraint behavior • Non-legally binding policy • Regional mobility This article is part of the Topical Collection on Economics of COVID-19 The authors acknowledge the support from JSPS KAKENHI grant numbers JP19K23194 and JP20K13486, and of Feasibility Project 14200138 of Research Institute for Humanity and Nature. We should like to thank editors of Economics of Disasters and Climate Change as well as anonymous reviewers. We also appreciate valuable comments from Keisuke Hattori, Kosuke Hirose, and Jumpei Hamamura.

show abstract

“…Societies around the world are considering whether the health benefits of these anti-contagion policies are worth their social and economic costs. Many of these costs are clearly observed; for example, business restrictions increase unemployment and school closures affect educational outcomes, which also elicites resistance from these affected groups of people [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Estimation of Effects of Implemented Government Policies on COVID-19 Situation in South Korea

Heo

Apio

Han

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the outbreak of novel SARS-COV-2, each country has implemented diverse policies to mitigate and suppress the spread of the virus. However, no systematic evaluation of these policies in their alleviation of the pandemic has been done. We investigate the impact of five indices derived from 12 policies in the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker dataset and the Korean government’s index, which is the social distancing level implemented by the Korean government in response to the changing pandemic situation. We employed segmented Poisson model for this analysis. In conclusion, health and the Korean government indices are most consistently effective (with negative coefficients), while the restriction and stringency indexes are mainly effective with lagging (1~10 days), as intuitively daily confirmed cases of a given day is affected by the policies implemented days before, which shows that a period of time is required before the impact of some policies can be observed. The health index demonstrates the importance of public information campaign, testing policy and contact tracing, while the government index shows the importance of social distancing guidelines in mitigating the spread of the virus. These results imply the important roles of these polices in mitigation of the spread of COVID-19 disease.

show abstract

Small Business under the COVID-19 Crisis: Expected Short- and Medium-Run Effects of Anti-Contagion and Economic Policies

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Who suffers from the COVID-19 shocks? Labor market heterogeneity and welfare consequences in Japan

Who suffers from the COVID-19 shocks? Labor market heterogeneity and welfare consequences in Japan

COVID-19 with Stigma: Theory and Evidence from Mobility Data

Statistical Estimation of Effects of Implemented Government Policies on COVID-19 Situation in South Korea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About