Small Cell Gallbladder Carcinoma Complicated by Paraneoplastic Hyponatremia: A Case Report and Literature Review

NG, EDWARD H K; Venkateswaran, Kotamma; Ganpathi, Shridhar I.; Chuah, Benjamin

doi:10.1007/s12029-010-9151-2

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…GBC presenting as gallstone ileus,[46] gallbladder perforation,[47] duodenal ulcus,[48] gastroduodenal dysmotility,[49] malnutrition,[50] venous thromboembolism,[51] gynecologic symptoms,[52] skin disorders,[53] paraneoplastic symptoms,[54] and even neuropathy[55] have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of gallbladder cancer

Andrén‐Sandberg¹

2012

North Am J Med Sci

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of gallbladder cancer

Andrén‐Sandberg¹

2012

North Am J Med Sci

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“…The gallbladder small cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare histologic type comprising 0.2% of all gastrointestinal carcinoids [3]. Contrary to other sites carcinoids, the gallbladder SCCs are generally nonfunctional tumors without paraneoplastic symptoms secondary to secretion of biologically active peptides [4]. First SCC of gallbladder was reported in 1981 by Albores-Saavedra et al and after that 73 cases have been published in the literature till date [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distal Humerus as Delayed Site of Metastasis from Small Cell Carcinoma of Gallbladder

Tunio

AlAsiri

Ali

et al. 2013

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine

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Background. Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the gallbladder is a rare entity and is often seen in elderly women. SCC of gallbladder is typically a nonsecretory carcinoid tumor without overt clinical symptoms and is often discovered at advanced stages. SCC of gallbladder carries a dismal prognosis as compared to SCC of lung and adenocarcinoma of gallbladder. To date, only 73 case reports have been published in the world literature. Case Presentation. Herein, we report a case of a 73-year-old Saudi woman who presented with one week history of right upper quadrant abdominal pain and obstructive jaundice and was found to be a case of locally advanced, metastatic SCC of gallbladder cT4N1M1 (liver, para-aortic lymph nodes, and bone). The patient was treated with neoadjuvant etoposide and cisplatin (EP) chemotherapy three cycles after biliary stenting followed by radical cholecystectomy, lymphadenectomy, and adjuvant EP chemotherapy and then one year later developed distal humerus osseous metastasis. Conclusion. SCC of the gallbladder is very rare entity and is often seen at advanced stages. Osseous metastases of peripheral skeleton from SCC gallbladder are rarely reported. Surgery is curative option but only for early stage tumors. Incorporation of chemotherapy along with radical resection increases the survival.

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“…patients and in patients with non-neoplastic diseases [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Treating hyponatremia appears to improve both the symptoms and outcome of the disease, as shown by Waikar et al who used multivariable-adjusted models to show how patients with hyponatremia had an increased risk of death during hospitalization and at 1 and 5 years after hospitalization, respectively [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, the prognostic impact of hyponatremia in resected BTC patients has not been reported, as we found only two case reports in the literature [ 18 , 19 ]. Thus, the aims of our study were to understand the importance of hyponatremia as a prognostic marker both before and after patients with BTC underwent surgery and its impact on outcome and to determine whether the correction of hyponatremia in a timely manner would improve prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyponatremia is a Predictor of Clinical Outcome for Resected Biliary Tract Cancers: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Biliary tract cancers (BTC) include both gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma, both of which have a poor prognosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the main clinical prognostic factors in this setting and to assess their impact on overall survival (OS). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data collected on 64 patients with BTC who underwent surgery with radical intent at our institution. OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox regression model was used to perform univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Preoperative hyponatremia was found to be an independent prognostic factor that correlated negatively with prognosis, with hyponatremic patients having a poor OS compared to the group of patients with normal serum sodium levels (9.44 vs. 15.47 months; p = 0.0215). In addition, high preoperative values for carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (Ca19.9), a tumor marker for some gastrointestinal cancers, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were found to be prognostic factors for a significant reduction in OS (Ca19-9: 7.14 vs. 24.22 months, p = 0.0088; LDH: 1.70 vs. 15.47 months, p = 0.0384). Conclusion: Identification of these prognostic factors may support strategies to identify, in clinical practice, those subgroups of patients with a favorable or unfavorable prognosis before surgical treatment and, therefore, to guide therapeutic choices. In particular, to our knowledge, this is the first report of the prognostic role of serum sodium level in BTC. Early Enhanced Digital Features To view enhanced digital features for this article go to

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Small Cell Gallbladder Carcinoma Complicated by Paraneoplastic Hyponatremia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract: Symptoms and signs of gallbladder cancer may be insidious. Thorough workup is needed if the patient presents with symptoms and signs of a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Diagnosis and management of gallbladder cancer

Diagnosis and management of gallbladder cancer

Distal Humerus as Delayed Site of Metastasis from Small Cell Carcinoma of Gallbladder

Hyponatremia is a Predictor of Clinical Outcome for Resected Biliary Tract Cancers: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

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