Small-Fruit Culture

Shoemaker, James Sheldon

doi:10.1097/00010694-193411000-00008

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In contrast, fertigation with fish increased primocane leaf K but had no effect on soil K in our other study (Fernandez-Salvador et al, 2015a). Shoemaker (1978) also reported the lack of a consistent relationship between leaf tissue K and soil K. Nelson and Martin (1986) found that leaf Ca of 'Thornless Evergreen' blackberry decreased with increased rates of N and K fertilization. Spiers (1987) also found that increased K fertilization raised tissue K but decreased leaf P, Mg, and Ca concentration and that after two growing seasons an increased rate of K decreased plant growth in 'Cheyenne' blackberry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Response of Blackberry Cultivars to Fertilizer Source during Establishment in an Organic Fresh Market Production System

Fernandez-Salvador

Strik

Bryla

2015

hortte

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Blackberry (Rubus ssp. Rubus) cultivars, three trailing types (Marion, Black Diamond, and Obsidian) and one semierect type (Triple Crown), were studied for their response to different types of fertilizer from 2011–12, at a certified organic, grower collaborator site located in Jefferson, OR. Plants were fertilized at a target rate of 50 lb/acre nitrogen (N) each spring using three different sources: 1) a liquid fish and molasses blend (4N–0P–1.7K); 2) pelletized soy (Glycine max) meal (8N–0.4P–1.7K); and 3) pelletized, processed poultry litter (4N–1.3P–2.5K). Plants were drip irrigated, and weeds were managed using a polypropylene, permeable landscape fabric (weed mat). Plant responses were greatly affected by cultivar, whereas the effects of fertilizer type were relatively minor. ‘Triple Crown’ produced the greatest yield in both years, whereas ‘Black Diamond’ and ‘Marion’ had the lowest yield in 2011 and 2012, respectively. ‘Triple Crown’ fruit had the highest percent soluble solids and were the least firm in 2011, whereas ‘Marion’ fruit were the least firm in 2012. Harvest date, within year, affected the fruit quality variables measured in all cultivars. Most soil nutrient levels were within the recommended range for all fertilizer treatments, except for boron (B), which declined to deficient levels in the second year. Fertilizer type had no effect on soil nutrient levels other than fertilization with the fish and molasses blend product increased soil potassium and sodium. Soil nutrient levels were affected by cultivar but varied by year for many nutrients. Primocane leaf tissue nutrient concentrations were above or within recommended standards for most nutrients, except for magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and B, which, depending on the cultivar, were below standards. Over the 2-year study, the blackberry cultivars responded similarly to the three types of organic fertilizer. However, the cost of N varied from $8.16/lb for the liquid fish and molasses blend, $5.35/lb for the pelletized soy meal, and $2.54/lb for the pelletized, processed poultry litter. Supplemental fertilization with B, Mg, and Ca would be required with each fertilizer studied to maintain recommended soil fertility levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Response of Blackberry Cultivars to Fertilizer Source during Establishment in an Organic Fresh Market Production System

Fernandez-Salvador

Strik

Bryla

2015

hortte

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“…Lovett Doust, O'Brien, and Lovett Doust, 1987Armstrong and Irvine, 1989Wallace and Rundel, 1979(Niklas and Buchman, 1985 Herrera, 1988 (Herrera, 1984) Melampy and Howe, 1977Hancock and Bringhurst, 1980(Shoemaker, 1977 Bawa and Opler, 1977Bawa and Opler, 1977Bawa and Opler, 1977Bawa and Opler, 1977 This paper…”

Section: Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Size Differences, Sex Ratio, and Spatial Distribution of Male and Female Water Tupelo, Nyssa aquatica (Nyssaceae)

Shea

Dixon²,

Sharitz

1993

American Journal of Botany

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Many dioecious plant species show spatial segregation of the sexes along a gradient of habitat quality. This study explores the spatial distribution and size of male and female Nyssa aquatica (water tupelo) trees along a water depth gradient. Individuals were mapped to determine the spatial distribution of male and female trees and the relationship between distribution ofmales and females and water depth. Nearest neighbor analysis indicated that males and females were randomly distributed in space. Comparisons among plots, however, indicated that there were more male trees in the shallowest plot. Height and diameter at breast height were measured for each tree. Males were significantly larger in height and basal area than females. Coring of male and female trees indicated that size differences between the sexes cannot be attributed to age differences, suggesting that male water tupelo trees allocate more resources to growth than do female trees.

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“…To reduce production and shipping costs, most commercial growers purchase fall-dug, 1or 2-year-old, bare root plants. Some authorities have expressed a strong preference for vigorous 1-year-old plants, believing that they are easier to transplant (Shoemaker, 1948). In either case, the plants will have several canes that are pencil thick and 30 to 45 cm (12 to 18 inches) long.…”

Section: White Currant Section Ribesmentioning

confidence: 99%