“…According to the XPS spectrum records (Figure S5A), there are binding energies of C, N, O, and Fe elements, while no Zn elements were 1053 nm. 35 As shown in Figure S5B, high-resolution XPS C 1s spectra for Fe 0.7 /NC showed four peaks at binding energies of 284.7, 285.6, 288.5, and 290.4 eV, respectively, which were putatively assigned to C−C, C−N, C�O, and π−π* transition, respectively. 36 In Figure S5C, the Fe 2p XPS spectrum for Fe 0.7 /NC was deconvoluted to four major peaks at 726.2, 723.1, 711.1, and 709.3 eV, which were assigned to the presence of Fe in the oxidation state of Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ , respectively.…”