Small Lymphocyte and Transitional Cell Populations of the Bone Marrow; Their Role in the Mediation of Immune and Hemopoietic Progenitor Cell Functions

Rosse, Cornelius

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60080-7

Cited by 67 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 373 publications

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“…The sites of definitive erythropoiesis are the fetal liver and postnatal bone marrow, and occur in three distinct stages. The first stage is the evolution of lineage-committed progenitors that are microscopically invisible (Emerson et al, 1985;Rosse, 1976). Identification relies on a selective enrichment via cell surface markers combined with culture and in vivo cellular assays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 2 The Erythroblastic Island

Manwani

Bieker

2008

Current Topics in Developmental Biology

151

154

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Erythroblastic islands are specialized microenvironmental compartments within which definitive mammalian erythroblasts proliferate and differentiate. These islands consist of a central macrophage that extends cytoplasmic protrusions to a ring of surrounding erythroblasts. The interaction of cells within the erythroblastic island is essential for both early and late stages of erythroid maturation. It has been proposed that early in erythroid maturation the macrophages provide nutrients, proliferative and survival signals to the erythroblasts, and phagocytose extruded erythroblast nuclei at the conclusion of erythroid maturation. There is also accumulating evidence for the role of macrophages in promoting enucleation itself. The central macrophages are identified by their unique immunophenotypic signature. Their pronounced adhesive properties, ability for avid endocytosis, lack of respiratory bursts, and consequent release of toxic oxidative species, make them perfectly adapted to function as nurse cells. Both macrophages and erythroblasts display adhesive interactions that maintain island integrity, and elucidating these details is an area of intense interest and investigation. Such interactions enable regulatory feedback within islands via cross talk between cells and also trigger intracellular signaling pathways that regulate gene expression. An additional control mechanism for cellular growth within the erythroblastic islands is through the modulation of apoptosis via feedback loops between mature and immature erythroblasts and between macrophages and immature erythroblasts.The focus of this chapter is to outline the mechanisms by which erythroblastic islands aid erythropoiesis, review the historical data surrounding their discovery, and highlight important unanswered questions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 2 The Erythroblastic Island

Manwani

Bieker

2008

Current Topics in Developmental Biology

151

154

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“…These include neutrophilic granulocytes, monocytes, and transitional cells. The latter are a morphologically defined population of cells that include the progenitors of bone marrow lymphocytes, erythroblasts, granulocytes, and mononuclear phagocytes (Rosse, 1976;Yoffey, 1980). Experiments are currently under way to test the contribution of these various cell types to NRC activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, biologic, and phenotypic properties of natural regulatory cells in murine bone marrow

Dorshkind

Rosse

1982

Am. J. Anat.

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A lymphocyte-enriched fraction of murine bone marrow (BML) contains natural regulatory cells (NRC) that can inhibit, on a dose-dependent basis, proliferative and cytotoxic responses to alloantigens in a mixed lymphocyte culture. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the cells responsible for this phenomenon in CBA mice. Maximal suppression was obtained with BML cells themselves rather than cell products. Light-scatter analysis of NRC on the fluorescence-activated cell sorter demonstrated them to be larger than small lymphocytes, and their sedimentation in discontinuous Percoll gradients showed the cells to be of heterogeneous density. This heterogeneity is further reflected by the fact that both plastic adherent and nonadherent BML are suppressive. NRC must be viable in order to mediate suppression; they are cortisone-resistant and are not affected by doses of gamma irradiation up to 1,000 R. NRC are not T or B lymphocytes or Ia-bearing macrophages. The involvement of mature granulocytes and macrophages in natural suppression is unlikely in that NRC do not bear Fc receptors. Elimination of cells from BML with the natural killer (NK) surface marker Asialo GM1 does not abrogate suppression. NRC are capable of mediating suppression across major and minor histocompatibility complex barriers. While lymphoid cells are prominent in BML, the contamination of this marrow fraction with immature granulocytes and monocytes makes a morphologic identification of NRC difficult. These characteristics are most consistent with NRC begin immature marrow cells of undetermined lineage. The relationship of NRC to naturally occurring marrow suppressor cells described in other systems is not yet clear and awaits experimental clarification.

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“…Small lymphocytes in the marrow and thymic cortex have been thought to be similar in susceptibility to steroid hormones, life span and electrophoretic mobility, and they have been considered as immunologically incompetent (WARNER, 1964;CRADDOCK, 1965;MORRISON and TOEPFER, 1967;BLOMGREN and ANDERSSON, 1969;SMALL and TRAININ, 1971;WIOLAND et al, 1972;ROSSE, 1976). On the other hand, immunocompetent T-lymphocytes have been thought to differ from marrow and thymic cortical small lymphocytes in the above characteristics (WARNER, 1964;BLOMGREN and ANDERSSON, 1969;ROSSE, 1976). Small lymphocytes in the thymic medulla and the thymus-dependent area of peripheral lymphatic tissues are light lymphocytes, which are regarded as representing Tlymphocytes (ABE and ITO, 1970;ABE et al, 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%