Small-Molecule SB216763-Loaded Microspheres Repair Peripheral Nerve Injury in Small Gap Tubulization

Abstract

Peripheral nerve injury has yet to be fully resolved because of its complicated pathological process. SB216763 is a small molecular compound that can enhance the remyelination of peripheral nerves by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). GSK-3β inhibitor stimulates myelin gene expression and restores the myelin structure. Herein, we presented the effect of integrating small gap tubulization with SB216763-loaded microspheres by using a chitosan conduit. In vitro , SB216763 could promote neurite growth of dorsal root ganglia. In vivo studies showed that SB216763 increased the number of myelinated axons and the thickness of myelin sheaths. Electrophysiological examination and sciatic functional index results also indirectly indicated the role of SB216763 in repairing peripheral nerve injury. SB216763 promoted the recovery of muscle function. Therefore, combining SB216763-loaded PLGA microspheres with conduit small gap tubulization shows potential for applications in repairing peripheral nerve injury.

Novel optimized drug delivery systems for enhancing spinal cord injury repair in rats

“…As an effective method of drug delivery, drug-loaded sustained-release MS have been reported to improve efficacy of drug repair for peripheral nerve injury (Zhuang et al., 2016 ; Rao et al., 2019 ). In addition, MS have the potential to prolong retention time of melatonin in the nasal mucosa, improve bioavailability, as well as the therapeutic effect (Nižić et al., 2020 ).…”

Chitin Nerve Conduits with Three-Dimensional Spheroids of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from SD Rats Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

“…The construction process of the chitin nerve conduits has been described previously [21]. Briefly, 4% (w/v) chitosan solution was prepared by dissolving chitosan powder in 2% glacial acetic acid.…”

“…All the animals were divided into 3 groups (n = 5/group): the hollow chitin conduits (Control group), chitin conduit-integrated BMSCs suspension (BMSCs group), and chitin conduit-integrated BMSCs spheroids group (BMSCs spheroids group). As described previously [21], the skin of the right hind of the rat was cleaned and disinfected before surgery. The rats in each group were anesthetized with 3% sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection.…”

“…The regenerated sciatic nerves were harvested from each rat at 8 weeks after operation [21]. Then, the samples were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde at 4 • C for 2 h. The samples were stained with 1% samarium acid, dehydrated in an acetone gradient, embedded in epoxy resin, and cut into 70 nm ultra-thin sections.…”

A nerve conduit filled with Wnt5a‐loaded fibrin hydrogels promotes peripheral nerve regeneration

“…The loading capacity (w/w%) was calculated based on the absorbance. 19 At specific time points (1,3,7,12,14,21,28, and 35 days), we tested the upper layer solution and subsequently added an equal amount of phosphate buffer saline solution (2 µL). The amount of Wnt5a in the samples was detected via UV-via-NIR spectroscopy.…”