Small Nucleolar RNAs in Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma

Abstract

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are small non-coding regulatory RNAs that have been investigated extensively in recent years. However, the relationship between snoRNA and glaucoma is still unknown. This study aims to analyze the levels of snoRNA expression in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) compared to a control group and identify hypothetical snoRNA-dependent mechanisms contributing to PEXG. The AH was obtained from eighteen Caucasian patients, comprising nine PEXG and nine age-matched control patients. RNA was isolated, and a microarray system was used to determine the snoRNA expression profiles. Functional and enrichment analyses were performed. We identified seven snoRNAs, SNORD73B, SNORD58A, SNORD56, SNORA77, SNORA72, SNORA64, and SNORA32, in the AH of the PEXG and control group patients. Five snoRNAs showed statistically significantly lower expression in the PEXG group, and two snoRNAs had statistically significantly higher expression in the PEXG group compared to the control group. In addition, we identified two factors—CACNB3 for SNORA64 and TMEM63C for SNORA32, similar to PEX-related genes (CACNA1A and TMEM136). The enrichment analysis for four genes targeted by snoRNAs revealed possible mechanisms associated with glaucoma and/or PEX, but the direct role of snoRNAs in these biological processes was not proven.

Polygenic adaptation of a cosmopolitan pest to a novel thermal environment

“…Temperature adaptability is a complex trait regulated by multiple genes (Goyal et al, 2016). Numerous core genes involved in biological require other assistance for transport between cells (Gasinska et al, 2022). Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out PxGCC2…”

“…They were not transmembrane proteins. Therefore, they may require other assistance for transport between cells (Gasinska et al, 2022). Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out PxGCC2 and PxKPNB1 , we found that the deletion of PxGCC2 and PxKPNB1 reduced the ability of P. xylostella to respond to temperature extremes, particularly in terms of population dynamics.…”