Small‐Scale 5G Testbeds for Network Slicing Deployment: A Systematic Review

Esmaeily, Ali; Kralevska, Katina

doi:10.1155/2021/6655216

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We can also compare the measured throughput in Table 3 to the theoretical throughput by inserting parameter values from Table 2 into Equations (1) and (2). With these parameters and using FST 1/4 for 5G, the theoretical throughput for 5G DL and UL are 2218 and 222 Mbps and for Wi-Fi 9603 Mbps, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These elements are critical when the quality of experience/service (QoE/QoS) based services are designed in a wireless environment relying only the available cellular connection with high reliability. The 5G network slicing feature [2,3] enables prioritized services for improving reliability. The services can contain critical and highly prioritized data, whose reception in the terminal should be flawless within the expected time frame.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

et al. 2021

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The evolution of 5th generation (5G) cellular technology has introduced several enhancements and provides better performance compared to previous generations. To understand the real capabilities, the importance of the empirical studies is significant to also understand the possible limitations. This is very important especially from the service and use case point of view. Several test sites exist around the globe for introducing, testing, and evaluating new features, use cases, and performance in restricted and secure environments alongside the commercial operators. Test sites equipped with the standard technology are the perfect places for performing deep analysis of the latest wireless and cellular technologies in real operating environments. The testing sites provide valuable information with sophisticated quality of service (QoS) indicators when the 5G vertical use cases are evaluated using the actual devices in the carrier grade network. In addition, the Wi-Fi standards are constantly evolving toward higher bit rates and reduced latency, and their usage in 5G dedicated verticals can even improve performance, especially when lower coverage is sufficient. This work presents the detailed comparative measurements between Wi-Fi 6 and 5G New Radio (NR) performance in indoor facilities and extensive results carried out in 5G and beyond test site located in Finland. The results gathered from the extensive test sets indicate that the Wi-Fi 6 can outperform the 5G in the indoor environment in terms of throughput and latency when distance and coverage do not increase enormously. In addition, the usage of wireless technologies allows improved uplink performance, which is usually more limited in cellular networks. The gained results of our measurements provide valuable information for designing, developing, and implementing the requirements for the next-generation wireless applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

et al. 2021

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“…Network slicing is a logical network representation, composed with a specific mobile network infrastructure configuration, which consists of various levels and types of isolation in a physical infrastructure. It is basically enabled by virtualization, containerization, software-defined network (SDN), virtual network function (VNF) service chain, network function virtualization (NFV) [9] and flexible transport network technologies. The MNO is expected to utilize those technologies to provide a secure network environment across the radio access network, transport network and core network.…”

Section: The Principles Of Network Slicing and Network Slice Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it may cost more to maintain the protocol layer on an air-gap isolation-independent server than to run it on a virtual machine. Equation (9) shows that the cost of operations is related to the protocol layer, which increases along with the MNO control level, since it requires more effort in the VNF MANO module. Equation (10) shows that the performance of a network slice that can be improved by raising the isolation level of its arbitrary protocol layer since less loss will be caused by the resource scheduling among different slices sharing the same infrastructure under bare-metal or virtual machines.…”

Section: Model Of Network Slice Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

5G Network Slice Isolation

Wong

Han

Schotten

2022

Network

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This article reveals an adequate comprehension of basic defense, security challenges, and attack vectors in deploying multi-network slicing. Network slicing is a revolutionary concept of providing mobile network on-demand and expanding mobile networking business and services to a new era. The new business paradigm and service opportunities are encouraging vertical industries to join and develop their own mobile network capabilities for enhanced performances that are coherent with their applications. However, a number of security concerns are also raised in this new era. In this article, we focus on the deployment of multi-network slicing with multi-tenancy. We identify the security concerns and discuss the defense approaches such as network slice isolation and insulation in a multi-layer network slicing security model. Furthermore, we identify the importance to appropriately select the network slice isolation points and propose a generic framework to optimize the isolation policy regarding the implementation cost while guaranteeing the security and performance requirements.

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“…Several open-source organizations have a critical role to play in the evolution of the network and service orchestration environment given the premise of network virtualization, softwarization and slicing of network infrastructures. Open Network Automation Platform (ONAP) [37], Open Networking Foundation (ONF) [38], Open Network Operating System (ONOS) [39], Open Daylight (ODL) [40], OpenStack [41], Open-vSwitch [42], Open Source MANO (OSM) [43], and OpenNFV [44] provide the flexibility to utilize technologies like runtime orchestration of network functions, flexible and scalable provisioning of network and service resources for different services to fulfil the requirement of various emerging verticals [45].…”

Section: Communication Services Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intent-driven autonomous network and service management in future cellular networks: A structured literature review

Mehmood,

Kralevska,

Palma

2021

Preprint

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Intent driven networks are an essential stepping stone in the evolution of network and service management towards a truly autonomous paradigm. User centric intents provide an abstracted means of impacting the design, provisioning, deployment and assurance of network infrastructure and services with the help of service level agreements and minimum network capability exposure. The concept of Intent Based Networking (IBN) poses several challenges in terms of the contextual definition of intents, role of different stakeholders, and a generalized architecture. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art in IBN including the intent description models, intent lifecycle management, significance of IBN and a generalized architectural framework along with challenges and prospects for IBN in future networks. An analytical study is performed on the data collected from relevant studies primarily focusing on the inter-working of IBN with softwarized networking based on NFV/SDN infrastructures. Critical functions required in the IBN management and service model design are explored with different abstract modeling techniques and a converged architectural framework is proposed. The key findings include: 1) benefits and role of IBN in autonomous networking, 2) improvements needed to integrate intents as fundamental policies for service modeling and network management, 3) need for appropriate representation models for intents in domain agnostic abstract manner, and 4) need to include learning as a fundamental function in autonomous networks. These observations provide the basis for in-depth investigation and standardization efforts for IBN as a fundamental network management paradigm in beyond 5G networks.

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Small‐Scale 5G Testbeds for Network Slicing Deployment: A Systematic Review

Cited by 33 publications

References 51 publications

Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

5G Network Slice Isolation

Intent-driven autonomous network and service management in future cellular networks: A structured literature review

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