Small-signal stability improvement of an islanded microgrid with electronically-interfaced distributed energy resources in the presence of parametric uncertainties

Khodadadi, Abolfazl; Divshali, Poria Hasanpor; Nazari, Mohammad Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2018.02.009

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As the battery uses its overloading characteristics, the power rating of the battery can be determined using equations (19)- (21). Initially, the largest overloading discharge/charge coefficients are used: (27) The permissible energy discharge/charge limits are 152 kWs and 76 kWs, respectively, which are calculated using equations (17) and (18). The discharged and charged energies of the BESS during shortage and surplus scenarios are 132.87 kW and 49.21 kW, respectively.…”

Section: ) Power Surplus Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The photovoltaic (PV) systems are not inherently responsive to frequency deviations; However, various studies [13]- [18] have attempted to enable PVs to participate in frequency control. According to the German grid code [13], in cases that the grid frequency increases above 50.2 Hz, the grid-connected PVs should decrease 40 % of their output power per Hz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel and Optimal Battery Sizing Procedure Based on MG Frequency Security Criterion Using Coordinated Application of BESS, LED Lighting Loads, and Photovoltaic Systems

2020

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This paper proposes a novel and optimal battery sizing procedure for the primary frequency control (PFC) of islanded microgrid (MG). The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), Photovoltaic (PV) systems and LED Lighting Loads (LEDLLs) are coordinated to quickly intercept frequency deviation in the stage of PFC. The PVs decrease their power generation in the case of surplus of power generation. The LEDLLs decrease their power consumption in the case of power shortage. The BESS participates in PFC in both cases by injecting/absorbing power. Some batteries with overloading characteristics are capable of fast discharge/charge for a short period, which can be used to reduce the required battery size for PFC application. The conventional overloading characteristics is based on constant power discharge/charge, but the BESS power varies in response to frequency deviation. To overcome this problem, a modified overloading characteristic is presented based on variable power discharge/charge, which is used to propose a battery sizing algorithm. The Genetic Algorithm is used to optimally determine the frequency controllers' coefficients of the BESS, PVs and LEDLLs to minimize the required battery size while maintaining the MG frequency within safe operational limits. The proposed battery sizing procedure is evaluated on the CIGRE low voltage benchmark system using simulation in MATLAB/Simulink software. The results show that beside the overloading characteristics of the battery, the participation of PVs and LEDLLs in PFC also reduces the required battery size, because their participation reduces the share of BESS participation in PFC.

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Section: ) Power Surplus Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel and Optimal Battery Sizing Procedure Based on MG Frequency Security Criterion Using Coordinated Application of BESS, LED Lighting Loads, and Photovoltaic Systems

2020

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“…In other words, because the reactive power is directly proportional to the voltage, the electric power system has not been able to provide the reactive power required in its network well [1,21]. If for some reason (such as the input or output of a large production unit) the voltage drops in a part of the network and other generators or systems that compensate for the reaction power return to the current system, the voltage returns to its normal state [22]. Otherwise, the voltage drop will reach an unacceptable value and cause a power failure in another part of the power system network, which is called a voltage collapse [3,23,24].…”

Section: Mathematical Model Of Small Signal Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Signal Stability with the Householder Method in Power Systems

Sabati¹,

Bayındır

Padmanaban

et al. 2019

Energies

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Voltage collapse in power systems is still considered the greatest threat, especially for the transmission system. This is directly related to the quality of the power, which is characterized by the loss of a stable operating point and the deterioration of voltage levels in the electrical center of the region exposed to voltage collapse. Numerous solution methods have been investigated for this undesirable degradation. This paper focuses on the steady state/dynamic stability subcategory and techniques that can be used to analyze and control the dynamic stability of a power system, especially following a minor disturbance. In particular, the failure of one generator among the network with a large number of synchronous generators will affect other synchronous generators. This will become a major problem and it will be difficult to find or resolve the fault in the network due to there being too many variables, consequently affecting the stability of the entire system. Since the solution of large matrices can be completed more easily in this complex system using the Householder method, which is a small signal stability analysis method that is suggested in the thesis, the detection of error and troubleshooting can be performed in a shorter period of time. In this paper, examples of different rotor angle deviations of synchronous generators were made by simulating rotor angle stability deviations up to five degrees, allowing the system to operate stably, and concluding that the system remains constant.

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“…Integration of micro-sources and energy storage systems can construct a power grid so called microgrid (MG) to meet the demands, which can be operated in both grid-connected and standalone (islanded) modes. In the grid-connected mode, the utility grid should guarantee the demand-supply balance in the MG, and therefore the frequency in this mode is maintained on its nominal value [1], [2]. The main objective of MG operator in the grid-connected mode is to minimize power import from the grid by maximum utilization of renewable distributed generators (DGs) and coordinated control of ESSs and loads, while minimizing power losses and use of fuel-based DGs [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Life Cycle-Cost Analysis of Li-ion and Lead-Acid BESSs and Their Actively Hybridized ESSs With Supercapacitors for Islanded Microgrid Applications

et al. 2020

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The combination of supercapacitors (SCs) with Li-ion Batteries (LIBs) and Lead-Acid Batteries (LABs) as hybrid ESSs (HESSs) have widely been proposed for Microgrid (MG) applications. The SCs of HESSs eliminate the stress of surge currents on LIBs and LABs, which increases their life cycles, and decreases their life cycle costs and hence decreases the HESSs operational costs. However, the active topology of HESS, which is the most commonly used configuration, requires an extra SC and an extra DC/DC converter in comparison to the Battery Energy Storage (BESS) topology, which increases the HESS capital cost. This paper tries to investigate that the hybridization of LABs and LIBs with SCs is economically effective or not for applications in islanded MG. In this regard, an energy management and frequency control (EMFC) scheme is proposed for the operation of MG in islanded mode. Using the simulations of the proposed EMFC scheme for islanded MG, the size of main components of LIB ESS (LIBESS), LAB ESS (LABESS), LIB-SC HESS (LISHESS) and LAB-SC HESS (LASHESS) are calculated. The numerical results show that for a 10-year period operation in islanded MG, the LISHESS and LASHESS impose less cost than LIBESS and LABESS. Also, the LISHESS is cheaper (almost 11%) than LASHESS.

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Small-signal stability improvement of an islanded microgrid with electronically-interfaced distributed energy resources in the presence of parametric uncertainties

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

A Novel and Optimal Battery Sizing Procedure Based on MG Frequency Security Criterion Using Coordinated Application of BESS, LED Lighting Loads, and Photovoltaic Systems

A Novel and Optimal Battery Sizing Procedure Based on MG Frequency Security Criterion Using Coordinated Application of BESS, LED Lighting Loads, and Photovoltaic Systems

Small Signal Stability with the Householder Method in Power Systems

A Life Cycle-Cost Analysis of Li-ion and Lead-Acid BESSs and Their Actively Hybridized ESSs With Supercapacitors for Islanded Microgrid Applications

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