Small-Size Blockage Measurements and Modelling for mmWave Communications Systems

Alsaleem, Fahd; Thompson, John; Laurenson, David; Podilchak, Symon K.; Alistarh, Cristian A.

doi:10.1109/pimrc48278.2020.9217352

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…That is especially possible and needed at mmWave frequencies where the reduced wavelength permits packing more antenna elements in the same form factor [2]. Because high-frequency directional transmissions are particularly susceptible to quality degradation due to blockers [3], current radio network planning/optimisation tools must accurately predict the impact of a blocker [1]. To this end, the blockage event must be modelled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mainly three techniques exist to model a blocking event in a deterministic manner [3]. Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD) [4] and its upgraded version the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) [5] require principles of electromagnetic field theory, making them computationally complex [3]. Knife-Edge Diffraction (KED) [6] is less computational demanding [3], while still fitting measurements satisfactorily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD) [4] and its upgraded version the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD) [5] require principles of electromagnetic field theory, making them computationally complex [3]. Knife-Edge Diffraction (KED) [6] is less computational demanding [3], while still fitting measurements satisfactorily. That is why KED is often used to model blockage effects [3], [7]- [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knife-Edge Diffraction (KED) [6] is less computational demanding [3], while still fitting measurements satisfactorily. That is why KED is often used to model blockage effects [3], [7]- [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the approximation of a blocker with an infinite number of sides/edges by just two diffracting edges is done with a specific blocker in mind, a standing human [9]. For blockers with different shapes/size ratios, it is proven that considering diffractions on multiple edges (MKED), normally four-edges (4KED), fits measurements better than DKED [3], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Four Knife-Edge Diffraction With Antenna Gain Model for Generic Blockage Modelling

Kizhakkekundil

Morais²,

Braam

et al. 2021

IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett.

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With the recent adoption of millimeter-wave spectrum in cellular communications, deployment of active antenna arrays and use of beamforming become vital to compensate for the increased path loss. However, directional high-frequency signals may suffer heavy attenuations due to blockage effects. Therefore, blockage modelling that adequately incorporates the effects of beamforming becomes increasingly relevant. We propose a Four Knife-Edge Diffraction with antenna Gain (4KED-G) model, a deterministic approach to model blockage with broad applicability. The 4KED-G model advances upon the existing models in its inclusion of both angular antenna gains and the diffraction from all the four edges of a rectangular screen blocker, leading to a more general and flexible blockage modelling approach compared to existing widely accepted blockage models. We theoretically show that the proposed generalised model incorporates the strengths of these existing models, while overcoming their shortcomings in establishing applicability to wider range of blockage scenarios. We validate the generalised model against known knife-edge diffraction blockage models for specific scenarios.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%