Small Subunit rDNA-Based Phylogeny of the Tylenchida Sheds Light on Relationships Among Some High-Impact Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and the Evolution of Plant Feeding

Holterman, M.H.M.; Karssen, Gerrit; Elsen, S.J.J. van den; Megen, H.H.B. van; Bakker, J.; Helder, J.

doi:10.1094/phyto-99-3-0227

Cited by 162 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The first hypothesis says that a single acquisition occurred in the last common ancestor of clade IV and clade I nematodes with subsequent losses in the numerous nematode taxa not associated with plants. This appears unlikely and in contradiction with the current hypothesis of three independent emergences of plant parasitism in nematodes (29). The second hypothesis suggests that two LGT events from similar bacterial donor species occurred independently in clade I and clade IV nematode lineages.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 76%

Multiple lateral gene transfers and duplications have promoted plant parasitism ability in nematodes

Danchin

Rosso

Vieira

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

302

285

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Lateral gene transfer from prokaryotes to animals is poorly understood, and the scarce documented examples generally concern genes of uncharacterized role in the receiver organism. In contrast, in plant-parasitic nematodes, several genes, usually not found in animals and similar to bacterial homologs, play essential roles for successful parasitism. Many of these encode plant cell wall-degrading enzymes that constitute an unprecedented arsenal in animals in terms of both abundance and diversity. Here we report that independent lateral gene transfers from different bacteria, followed by gene duplications and early gain of introns, have shaped this repertoire. We also show protein immunolocalization data that suggest additional roles for some of these cell wall-degrading enzymes in the late stages of these parasites' life cycle. Multiple functional acquisitions of exogenous genes that provide selective advantage were probably crucial for the emergence and proficiency of plant parasitism in nematodes.LGT) is the transmission of genes between organisms by mechanisms other than vertical inheritance from an ancestor to an offspring. Although largely documented as an important evolutionary mechanism in prokaryotes (1), LGT in animals that have a separate germline and whose genome is segregated in a nucleus is poorly explored. Although some examples have been described (2-4), most concern transfers from endosymbiotic bacteria, and none provide a clear link between the activity of the transferred gene products and the biology of the host species. Thus, arguments are lacking to support a selective advantage that would have driven fixation of transferred genes at the level of a population or species. By contrast, in plant-parasitic nematodes, a series of genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading or -modifying enzymes, which are usually absent from animals, exhibit similarity to bacteria and may thus originate from LGT. These genes are transcriptionally active, their products have been biochemically characterized, they are secreted in plant tissues, and their inactivation impairs parasitism efficiency (5). The most damaging nematodes to agriculture worldwide belong to the suborder Tylenchina in clade IV that comprises root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes, the two most-studied lineages (SI Appendix, Fig. S1). These nematodes are able to penetrate and migrate into plant tissue and establish sophisticated parasitic interactions with their hosts. Invasion of the root tissues by nematodes requires degradation of the plant cell wall protective barrier, constituted mainly of cellulose and hemicelluloses as well as pectin and its branched decorations. The first plant cell wall-degrading enzymes from an animal were characterized in cyst nematodes in 1998 (6). Ten years later, analysis of the genome of Meloidogyne incognita, the first genome analysis for a plant-parasitic nematode, revealed that the repertoire of cell wall-degrading enzymes in a single species is diverse and abundant with more than 60 genes covering six different pro...

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 76%

Multiple lateral gene transfers and duplications have promoted plant parasitism ability in nematodes

Danchin

Rosso

Vieira

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

302

285

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“…Sequences of 18S gene of P. neglectus among fi ve populations (accession numbers KM580538-KM580542) from the Czech Republic differ by 0 -0.14 %. These sequences differs from other sequences AB905298-AB905303 (Kushida and Kondo, 2015), EU130801, EU130802 , EU669923, EU669924 (Holterman et al, 2009), JQ303332 (Kumari, 2012), KC875378 (Rybarczyk-Mydłowska et al, 2015) from NCBI by 0 -0.56 %. All these 17 (KM580538-KM580542, AB905298-AB905303, EU130801, EU130802, EU669923, EU669924, JQ303332, KC875378) sequences differ from each other 0 -0.70 %.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Sequence analysis of partial 18S gene of P. crenatus (accession numbers KM580535, KM5080536, KM580537) among the three Czech populations did not reveal any variation. 18S gene differs from other accession numbers AB905287, AB905288, AB905289, AB905290 (Kushida and Kondo, 2015) AY284610 (Holterman et al, 2006), EU130800 , EU669920, EU669921, EU669922 (Holterman et al, 2009) by 0.14 -1.66 % and these twelve sequences (KM580535-KM580537, AB905287-AB905290, AY284610, EU130800, EU669920-EU669922) differ from each other 0 -2.34 %. This sequence variability is too high for conservative 18S gene therefore one should be cautious when comparing 18S sequences of P. crenatus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Characterization of Pratylenchus crenatus and P. neglectus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) associated with wheat crop

Kumari

2015

Helminthologia

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SummaryThe distribution of Pratylenchus species associated with wheat crops was investigated in Bohemian region of the Czech Republic. In total twelve localities were sampled. The populations were identifi ed based on morphology and morphometrics, and further characterised based on sequences of the rDNA D2/D3 region and 18S gene. Pratylenchus crenatus was present in two localities and P. neglectus in fi ve localities. At one locality both species were detected. Sequence analysis of 18S and D2/D3 region of three populations of P. crenatus reveal no variation while fi ve populations of P. neglectus differ by 0 to 0.14 % (18S) and 0.17 to 0.50 % (D2/D3).

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“…Results based on sequences of the 28S rDNA also showed that genera such as Amplimerlinius, Merlinius, Geocenamus, Hexadorus (subsequently synonymized with Geocenamus), Nagelus, and Scutylenchus were included with Pratylenchoides in Merliniidae (Subbotin et al, 2006). In other research performing phylogenetic analyses using small subunit rDNA sequences, Amplimerlinius icarus, Nagelus obscurus, Geocenamus quadrifer, G. brevidens, Pratylenchoides magnicauda, and P. ritteri were well separated from the two Telotylenchinae species of Tylenchorhynchus dubius and T. maximus (Bert et al, 2008;Holterman et al, 2009;Palomares-Rius et al, 2009;Van Megen et al, 2009). According to Sturhan (2012), Merliniidae consists two subfamilies: Merliniinae (Geocenamus, Merlinius, Paramerlinius, Macrotylenchus, Amplimerlinius, and Nagelus) and Pratylenchoidinae (Pratylenchoides).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Morphological and molecular characterization and phylogenetic position of a new record, Tylenchorhynchus zeae, and some known species of Telotylenchidae Siddiqi,1960 and Merliniidae Siddiqi, 1971 from Iran

Alvani¹,

Moghaddam²,

Hamid³

et al. 2017

Turk J Zool

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Small Subunit rDNA-Based Phylogeny of the Tylenchida Sheds Light on Relationships Among Some High-Impact Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and the Evolution of Plant Feeding

Cited by 162 publications

References 33 publications

Multiple lateral gene transfers and duplications have promoted plant parasitism ability in nematodes

Multiple lateral gene transfers and duplications have promoted plant parasitism ability in nematodes

Characterization of Pratylenchus crenatus and P. neglectus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) associated with wheat crop

Morphological and molecular characterization and phylogenetic position of a new record, Tylenchorhynchus zeae, and some known species of Telotylenchidae Siddiqi,1960 and Merliniidae Siddiqi, 1971 from Iran

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