Smart<i>and</i>Sustainable?

Dixon, Tim

doi:10.1002/9781119063834.ch5

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The consumption of energy worldwide contributes to increase pollution, environmental degradation, and greenhouse gases emissions. Globally, the building sector is responsible for a relatively large percentage (30% to 40%) of the overall primary energy consumption, and buildings are responsible for over 30% of the global CO 2 emissions [1]. These figures are similar within the European Union (EU—see Table A1 in Appendix A for the list of abbreviations used in this paper), where buildings contribute to more than 40% of the overall energy consumption, also contributing in a considerable way (about 35%) to CO 2 emissions [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Thermal Insulation Tiles for Flat Roofs

2019

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Envelope insulation and protection is an important technical solution to reduce energy consumption, exterior damage, and environmental impacts in buildings. Thermal insulation tiles are used simultaneously as thermal insulation of the building envelope and protection material of under layers in flat roofs systems. The purpose of this research is to assess the environmental impacts of the life cycle of thermal insulation tiles for flat roofs. This research presents the up-to-date “cradle to gate” environmental performance of thermal insulation tiles for the environmental categories and life-cycle stages defined in European standards on environmental evaluation of building. The results presented in this research were based on site-specific data from a Portuguese factory and resulted from a consistent methodology that is here fully described, including the raw materials extraction and production, and the modelling of energy and transport processes at the production stage of thermal insulation tiles. These results reflect the weight of the raw-materials within the production process of thermal insulation tiles in all environmental categories and show that some life cycle stages, such as transportation of raw materials (A2) and packaging and packaging waste (A3.1 and A3.3, respectively), may not be discarded in a cradle to gate study of a construction material because they can make a significant contribution to some environmental categories. Moreover, complementary results regarding the economic, environmental, and energy performance Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of flat roofs solutions incorporating the thermal insulation tiles studied showed that the influence of the economic costs on the total aggregated costs of these solutions is much higher than that of the environmental costs due to the lower environmental costs of the thermal insulation tiles at the product stage (A1–A3). These costs influenced the corresponding percentage of the environmental costs (between 14% and 18%) and the percentage of the economic costs (between 70% and 75%) in the total aggregated (environmental, economic, and energy) net present value (NPV). Finally, a complementary “cradle to cradle” environmental LCA discussion is presented including the following additional life cycle stages: maintenance and replacement (B2–B4), operational energy use (B6), and end-of-life stage and benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (C1–C4 and D).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Thermal Insulation Tiles for Flat Roofs

2019

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“…Current frameworks assume a certain level of comfort without considering the user's preferences and thermal comfort. Moreover, a friendly EMS that displays energy consumption and has auto-configuration or easy set-up is needed to engage the user and optimize consumption when the price is high; in the end, this can help users to reduce electrical consumption [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Thus, considering the human factor while designing an EMS is crucial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simulation frameworks [30,31] control electrical devices in a dynamic price scheme but do not consider human behavior as a part of the equation to achieve energy efficiency. In this way, the social part needs to be seen so the end-users can adopt the EMS without negatively affecting their social behavior, where consumption patterns and DR programs are allowed to reach energy efficiency and then achieve a smart and sustainable electrical grid that is required by society [32].…”

Section: Energy Management Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Management System Based on a Gamified Application for Households

et al. 2021

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Nowadays, the growth in the consumption of energy and the need to face pollution resulting from its generation are causing concern for consumers and providers. Energy consumption in residential buildings and houses is about 22% of total energy production. Cutting-edge energy managers aim to optimize electrical devices in homes, taking into account users’ patterns, goals, and needs, by creating energy consumption awareness and helping current change habits. In this way, energy manager systems (EMSs) monitor and manage electrical appliances, automate and schedule actions, and make suggestions regarding electrical consumption. Furthermore, gamification strategies may change energy consumption patterns through energy managers, which are seen as an option to save energy and money. Therefore, this paper proposes a personalized gamification strategy for an EMS through an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) decision-making engine to classify the level of electrical consumption and persuade the end-user to reduce and modify consumption patterns, saving energy and money with gamified motivations. These strategies have proven to be effective in changing consumer behavior with intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. The interfaces consider three cases for summer and winter periods to calculate the saving-energy potentials: (1) for a type of user that is interested in home-improvement efforts while helping to save energy; (2) for a type of user that is advocating to save energy; (3) for a type of user that is not interested in saving energy. Hence, each interface considers the end-user’s current consumption and the possibility to modify their consumption habits using their current electrical devices. Finally, an interface displaying the electrical consumption for each case exemplifies its linkage with EMSs.

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City Visions: Toward Smart and Sustainable Urban Futures

Dixon¹

2021

The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Futures

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Today the world is heavily urbanized, and this is set to grow by 2050. The climate crisis and the recent COVID pandemic are providing opportunities and threats to urban living. This has meant that decision-makers need to develop long-term visions for cities. Urban futures thinking (based on city foresight methods) offers us the opportunity to imagine what cities and urban areas will be like in the long term, how they will operate, what infrastructure and governance systems will underpin and coordinate them, and how they can be best shaped and influenced by their primary stakeholders. This chapter therefore begins by examining urbanization and the main urban challenges that cities face today. A discussion of what is meant by "urban futures" then follows, before reviewing the emergence of "smart" and "sustainable" thinking in cities. The chapter also examines city visioning as a futures-based technique and the emergence of city visions. An example of a UK city vision (Reading 2050) is then reviewed, before the chapter examines what future lies beyond COVID-19 for cities. Finally, a summary and conclusions are presented to help the reader see the wider implications of urban futures thinking for cities.

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SmartandSustainable?

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Thermal Insulation Tiles for Flat Roofs

Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Thermal Insulation Tiles for Flat Roofs

Energy Management System Based on a Gamified Application for Households

City Visions: Toward Smart and Sustainable Urban Futures

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