Smart self-sensory carbon-based textile reinforced concrete structures for structural health monitoring

Abstract

The goal of this study is to develop a structural health monitoring methodology for smart self-sensory carbon-based textile reinforced concrete elements. The self-sensory concept is based on measuring the electrical resistance change in the carbon roving reinforcement and by means of an engineering gage factor, correlating the relative electrical resistance change to an integral value of strain along the location of the roving. The concept of the nonlinear engineering gage factor that captures the unique micro-structural mechanism of the roving within the concrete matrix is demonstrated and validated. The estimated value of strain is compared to a theoretical value calculated by assuming a healthy state. The amount of discrepancy between the two strain values makes it possible to indicate and distinguish between the structural states. The study experimentally demonstrates the engineering gage factor concept and the structural health monitoring procedure by mechanically loading two textile reinforced concrete beams, one by a monotonic loading procedure and the other by a cyclic loading procedure. It is presented that the proposed structural health monitoring procedure succeeded in estimating the strain and in clearly distinguishing between the structural states.

Assessment of Cracking in Masonry Structures Based on the Breakage of Ordinary Silica-Core Silica-Clad Optical Fibers

“…There is a variety of visual, mechanical, electrical, acoustical, computer vision, global dynamic behavior, and other methods that are used for damage detection in civil engineering structures [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Nevertheless, many are susceptible to the adverse effects of moisture, chemical corrosion, electromagnetic interference, and lightning discharges.…”

Roadmap on measurement technologies for next generation structural health monitoring systems

“…In such a configuration the same array of carbon rovings yields the reinforcement required for the load bearing system, and, at the same time, the sensory system. Demonstration of this concept has been presented in the literature for detecting mechanical loading [197][198][199][200], strain [201,202], cracking [203,204], or water infiltration [205,206]. In most of the above studies converting the carbon roving reinforcement system into a sensory one was a straightforward act, which did not require special devices or additional sensors that should be mounted externally or internally to the structural element.…”

Detecting Damaged Zones Along Smart Selfsensory Carbon Based TRC by TDR

“…It allows to construct thin-walled, light and durable concrete elements [2,10,14]. Since the carbon rovings are electrically conductive, they can be used both as the main reinforcement system and as the sensory agent [1,4,5,13,16,17]. The potential of using carbon rovings as an integrated sensory agent has been presented in the literature for various sensory purposes such as: detecting cracking [7], estimating strain [7,13,16,17], monitoring the mechanical loading [1,4,5], identifying infiltration of water through cracked zones [6,12], etc.…”

“…Since the carbon rovings are electrically conductive, they can be used both as the main reinforcement system and as the sensory agent [1,4,5,13,16,17]. The potential of using carbon rovings as an integrated sensory agent has been presented in the literature for various sensory purposes such as: detecting cracking [7], estimating strain [7,13,16,17], monitoring the mechanical loading [1,4,5], identifying infiltration of water through cracked zones [6,12], etc. The commonly used approaches for the electrical measurement are based on direct current (DC) electrical circuits by two-probes monitoring setup [13], four-probes monitoring setup [16], Wheatstone bridge configurations [7,17], or by alternating current (AC) electrical circuits [4,5].…”

“…The potential of using carbon rovings as an integrated sensory agent has been presented in the literature for various sensory purposes such as: detecting cracking [7], estimating strain [7,13,16,17], monitoring the mechanical loading [1,4,5], identifying infiltration of water through cracked zones [6,12], etc. The commonly used approaches for the electrical measurement are based on direct current (DC) electrical circuits by two-probes monitoring setup [13], four-probes monitoring setup [16], Wheatstone bridge configurations [7,17], or by alternating current (AC) electrical circuits [4,5]. These studies proved the feasibility of the smart sensory concept and focused on the correlation between measured changes in the electrical resistance (ERC), the electrical inductance or the electrical impedance of the carbon roving and the structural response.…”